Association between depression status and hearing loss among older adults: The role of outdoor activity engagement.

Background: More than half of Chinese older adults over 60 are suffering from hearing loss, which might increase the risk of depression. Outdoor activity engagement is a key factor to alleviate depression symptoms. This study is conducted to analyze the associations between hearing loss and depression, and explore the role of outdoor activity engagement on depression.

Methods: This study was based on the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), which collected the health and demographic information of elderly people in 23 provinces in China. In total, 12,333 older adults over 60 were recruited in the final analysis. Participants' risk of depressive symptoms was assessed using the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10). The relationship between self-reported hearing loss and depression in older adults was tested using logistic regression models.

Results: The findings suggested a significant relationship between self-reported hearing loss and depressive symptoms (OR = 1.513, 95%CI = 1.391-1.646, P < 0.001). In addition, outdoor activity engagement have a moderation effect on self-reported hearing loss, among which entertainment and physical activities can better reduce the risk of depression.

Conclusion: Evidence from this study suggests that older adults with self-reported hearing loss can perform appropriate outdoor activities. Early recognition and intervention in hearing loss may reduce the risk of depression.