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Cadmium promotes hyaluronan synthesis by inducing hyaluronan synthase 3 expression in cultured vascular endothelial cells via the c-Jun N-terminal kinase-c-Jun pathway.
Toxicology
January 2025
Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-1-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan. Electronic address:
Cadmium is a heavy metal risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis. In atherosclerotic lesions, hyaluronan, a glycosaminoglycan consisting of β4-glucuronic acid-β3-N-acetylglucosamine disaccharides repeats, is highly accumulated, regulating signal transduction, cell migration, and angiogenesis. Hyaluronan is synthesized by hyaluronan synthase (HAS)1-3 in the plasma membrane and secreted into the extracellular space.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVLDL triglycerides and cholesterol in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and myocardial infarction.
Atherosclerosis
December 2024
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark; The Copenhagen General Population Study, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address:
Background And Aims: Myocardial infarction is a leading cause of death in individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The two diseases share elevated very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) carrying both triglycerides and cholesterol; however, in NAFLD mainly triglycerides accumulate in liver cells while in myocardial infarction mainly cholesterol accumulates in the atherosclerotic plaque. We hypothesized that VLDL triglycerides preferentially associate with risk of NAFLD, while VLDL cholesterol preferentially associates with risk of myocardial infarction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpact of lesion preparation-induced calcified plaque defects in vascular intervention for atherosclerotic disease: in silico assessment.
Biomech Model Mechanobiol
January 2025
Cardiac Surgery Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Percutaneous coronary interventions in highly calcified atherosclerotic lesions are challenging due to the high mechanical stiffness that significantly restricts stent expansion. Intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) is a novel vessel preparation technique with the potential to improve interventional outcomes by inducing microscopic and macroscopic cracks to enhance stent expansion. However, the exact mechanism of action for IVL is poorly understood, and it remains unclear whether the improvement in-stent expansion is caused by either the macro-cracks allowing the vessel to open or the micro-cracks altering the bulk material properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomimetic metal-phenolic nanocarrier for co-delivery of multiple phytomedical bioactive components for anti-atherosclerotic therapy.
Int J Pharm
January 2025
School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515 China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515 China; Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, Guangzhou 510515 China. Electronic address:
Atherosclerosis, a major cause of cardiovascular diseases, involves complex pathophysiological processes. The co-delivery of multiple bioactive components derived from phytomedicine to atherosclerotic plaque is challenging, especially for those with varied solubilities. This study introduces a novel metal-phenolic network-based core-shell recombinant high-density lipoprotein nanocarrier (SSPH-MPN@rHDL) for co-delivering multiple bioactive components from Salvia miltiorrhiza and Carthamus tinctorius, including salvianic acid A (SAA), salvianolic acid B (SAB), protocatechuic aldehyde (PCA), hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), and tanshinone IIA (TS-IIA).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCarotid artery atherosclerotic stenosis is an important annual cause of stroke in the United States. Moreover, the incidence of carotid artery stenosis is significantly increasing due to the widespread popularity of high fat and high salt diets, sedentary lifestyles, and the increasing age of the population. Of major importance to cardiovascular specialists is the fact that individuals with atherosclerotic carotid artery stenosis can have a prevalence of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease as high as 50 to 75%.
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