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Impact of Biomass Burning Organic Aerosol Volatility on Smoke Concentrations Downwind of Fires. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - Biomass burning particulate matter (BBPM) has significant effects on air quality and climate, with increasing influence over the years; North American fire studies show a notable altitude dependence in BBPM measurements, with airborne studies indicating twice the NEMR compared to ground-level observations.
  • - Direct airborne measurements reveal that at temperatures of 40-45 °C, 19% of smoke particulate matter evaporates, helping to explain the differences in NEMR across different measurement platforms.
  • - The findings suggest that gas-particle partitioning significantly impacts the air quality effects of wildfire smoke, as applying PM volatility to a regional model predicts lower NEMR at the surface compared to measurements taken at high altitude.

Article Abstract

Biomass burning particulate matter (BBPM) affects regional air quality and global climate, with impacts expected to continue to grow over the coming years. We show that studies of North American fires have a systematic altitude dependence in measured BBPM normalized excess mixing ratio (NEMR; ΔPM/ΔCO), with airborne and high-altitude studies showing a factor of 2 higher NEMR than ground-based measurements. We report direct airborne measurements of BBPM volatility that partially explain the difference in the BBPM NEMR observed across platforms. We find that when heated to 40-45 °C in an airborne thermal denuder, 19% of lofted smoke PM evaporates. Thermal denuder measurements are consistent with evaporation observed when a single smoke plume was sampled across a range of temperatures as the plume descended from 4 to 2 km altitude. We also demonstrate that chemical aging of smoke and differences in PM emission factors can not fully explain the platform-dependent differences. When the measured PM volatility is applied to output from the High Resolution Rapid Refresh Smoke regional model, we predict a lower PM NEMR at the surface compared to the lofted smoke measured by aircraft. These results emphasize the significant role that gas-particle partitioning plays in determining the air quality impacts of wildfire smoke.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c05017DOI Listing

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