AI Article Synopsis
- Efficient grating couplers (GCs), particularly apodized GCs (AGCs), offer improved vertical coupling to thin silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguides while minimizing back reflection encountered with uniform GCs (UGCs).* -
- The study showcases that AGCs, created through inverse design and gradient-based optimization, have a 3 dB lower coupling loss and better alignment with Gaussian beam profiles compared to UGCs.* -
- Fabricated using electron beam lithography, the AGCs achieved a coupling efficiency of -5.86 dB, highlighting their compatibility with CMOS technology and the potential for high-performance applications in the C-band on the SOI platform.*
Article Abstract
Efficient grating couplers (GCs) for perfectly vertical coupling are difficult to realize due to the second-order back reflection. In this study, apodized GCs (AGCs) are presented for achieving perfectly-vertical coupling to 220 nm thick silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguides in the C-band. We compare the performance of the AGCs to that of uniform GCs (UGCs) and demonstrate the superiority of the former. The AGCs were obtained through inverse design using gradient-based optimization and were found to effectively suppress back reflection and exhibit better matching to the Gaussian beam profile. The design and measurement results show that AGCs have a 3 dB lower coupling loss than UGCs. We fabricated focusing AGCs by electron beam lithography with a single, 70 nm shallow etch and a minimum feature size of 100 nm, which makes them compatible with CMOS technology. The AGCs achieved a coupling efficiency of -5.86 dB for perfectly vertical coupling. Overall, our results demonstrate the potential of AGCs for achieving high-performance coupling in the C-band on the SOI platform.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10593793 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-45168-2 | DOI Listing |
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