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IL-21-producing effector Tfh cells promote B cell alloimmunity in lymph nodes and kidney allografts. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • T follicular helper (Tfh) cells play a crucial role in rejecting transplanted kidneys, but their different types and functions haven't been completely understood yet!* * The study identifies a specific group of Tfh cells that produce IL-21 during kidney transplant and shows that these cells are inhibited by immunosuppressive drugs.* * Through experiments in mice, researchers found that IL-21-producing Tfh cells are vital for transplant rejection by influencing B cell activity in lymph nodes and the kidney graft itself.*

Article Abstract

Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells have been implicated in controlling rejection after allogeneic kidney transplantation, but the precise subsets, origins, and functions of Tfh cells in this process have not been fully characterized. Here we show that a subset of effector Tfh cells marked by previous IL-21 production is potently induced during allogeneic kidney transplantation and is inhibited by immunosuppressive agents. Single-cell RNA-Seq revealed that these lymph node (LN) effector Tfh cells have transcriptional and clonal overlap with IL-21-producing kidney-infiltrating Tfh cells, implicating common origins and developmental trajectories. To investigate the precise functions of IL-21-producing effector Tfh cells in LNs and allografts, we used a mouse model to selectively eliminate these cells and assessed allogeneic B cell clonal dynamics using a single B cell culture system. We found that IL-21-producing effector Tfh cells were essential for transplant rejection by regulating donor-specific germinal center B cell clonal dynamics both systemically in the draining LN and locally within kidney grafts. Thus, IL-21-producing effector Tfh cells have multifaceted roles in Ab-mediated rejection after kidney transplantation by promoting B cell alloimmunity.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10619486PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.169793DOI Listing

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