Thalamic lesions can provoke negligence behavior with various, sometimes dissociated manifestations: motor negligence or reduction in use of one half of the body whatever the direction of the gesture or the half-space in which it occurs; extinction phenomena demonstrated without difficulty for visual, somatesthetic and auditory modalities; spatial negligence involving attentional and intentional components, often difficult to distinguish. Negligence of this type is mainly the result of right sided lesions, with several non-exclusive explanations: natural predominance of the left hemisphere, activating role of language with respect to the left hemisphere, capacity of the right hemisphere to be "attentive" to bath half-spaces in contrast to the left hemisphere, attentive to the right half-space only.
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BMC Med
January 2025
Sleep Medicine Center, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, NO.28 Qiaozhong Mid Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510160, China.
Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is linked to brain alterations, but the specific regions affected and the causal associations between these changes remain unclear.
Methods: We studied 20 pairs of age-, sex-, BMI-, and education- matched OSA patients and healthy controls using multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) from August 2019 to February 2020. Additionally, large-scale Mendelian randomization analyses were performed using genome-wide association study (GWAS) data on OSA and 3935 brain imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs), assessed in up to 33,224 individuals between December 2023 and March 2024, to explore potential genetic causality between OSA and alterations in whole brain structure and function.
Brain Lang
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (MOE & STCSM), Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), Institute of Brain and Education Innovation, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai 200335, China; Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, East China Normal University, China; NYU-ECNU Institute of Brain and Cognitive Science, New York University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:
Hemispheric specialization of different functions is proposed to confer evolutionary benefits, yet the behavioral impacts of lateralization and its cognitive and neural mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the effect of lateralization pattern between language and spatial attention on dual-task performance and its association with callosal connectivity. Functional lateralization was assessed using fMRI verbal fluency and landmark tasks, and interhemispheric connections were evaluated through diffusion-weighted imaging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCortex
December 2024
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Berlin, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Department of Neurology, Leipzig, Germany; University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Leipzig, Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, Leipzig, Germany.
Retrieving words quickly and correctly is an important language competence. Semantic contexts, such as prior naming of categorically related objects, can induce conceptual priming but also lexical-semantic interference, the latter likely due to enhanced competition during lexical selection. In the continuous naming (CN) paradigm, such semantic interference is evident in a linear increase in naming latency with each additional member of a category out of a seemingly random sequence of pictures being named (cumulative semantic interference/CSI effect).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPathogens
December 2024
Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Ventriculo-meningitis or nosocomial meningitis/ventriculitis is a severe nosocomial infection that is associated with devastating neurological sequelae. The cerebrospinal fluid isolates associated with the infection can be Gram-positive or -negative, while the spp. is rarely identified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiology (Basel)
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China.
Brain size asymmetry differs considerably across species, including humans, vertebrates, and invertebrates. The subtle structural, functional, or size differences between the two brain sides are associated with processing specific cognitive tasks. To evaluate the differences between the sizes of the left and right sides of the whole brain and brain regions and the effect of predation risk (i.
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