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Pandemic potential of the Nipah virus and public health strategies adopted during outbreaks: Lessons from Kerala, India.
PLOS Glob Public Health
December 2024
Department of Medical Education, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
Kerala, a south Indian state witnessed several outbreaks of Nipah encephalitis since 2018, a zoonotic viral disease with significant pandemic potential. This review highlights the relevance of surveillance and health system preparedness, infection control, early diagnosis and treatment with broad-spectrum antivirals, environmental conservation, and community engagement in mitigating Nipah outbreaks. Additionally, it emphasises the importance of developing new biologicals and anti-viral drugs to combat the disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The importance of studying Nipah virus (NiV) stems from its high fatality rates and potential for causing widespread outbreaks. Recent incidences in Southeast Asian countries highlight the urgent need for effective risk evaluation and mitigation strategies.
Justification: Studying NiV in Southeast Asia is crucial due to the geographic and epidemiological significance that makes this region predominantly susceptible to the virus.
Article Synopsis
- - The resurgence of Nipah virus (NiV) in Kerala poses significant public health challenges, highlighting the need for proactive strategies to prevent future outbreaks due to its zoonotic nature and changing transmission patterns.
- - Recent NiV outbreaks have presented atypical respiratory symptoms, complicating detection efforts, and emphasize the importance of regional surveillance and understanding the virus's new genotype.
- - A comprehensive approach involving early detection, public awareness, and strong collaboration between government and health organizations is necessary to manage the impact of NiV and ensure public safety through ongoing research.
Emerging Infectious Diseases and the Eye: Ophthalmic Manifestations, Pathogenesis, and One Health Perspectives.
Int Ophthalmol Clin
October 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE.
Article Synopsis
- - Infectious diseases can cause serious eye problems like uveitis (inflammation that risks vision) and conjunctivitis (inflammation of the eye surface), involving new (like Ebola and Zika) and re-emerging pathogens (like Toxoplasma and malaria).
- - The One Health approach connects human, animal, and environmental health to better understand the interactions and impacts of pathogens, potentially leading to ocular diseases.
- - A thorough literature review sheds light on the eye-related consequences of infectious diseases, emphasizing the need for a broader understanding of host-pathogen relationships and environmental factors to enhance health outcomes.
An emerging zoonotic disease to be concerned about - a review of the nipah virus.
J Health Popul Nutr
October 2024
ESIC Medical College & Hospital, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad, India.
The Nipah Virus (NiV) was discovered in 1999 in the Sungai Nipah region of Malaysia. It is one of many emerging bat-borne zoonotic viruses that threaten global health security. The Pteropus fruit bats are identified as the natural reservoirs for the virus.
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