Although the electrokinetic (EK) remediation has drawn great attention because of its good maneuverability, the focusing phenomenon near the cathode and low removal efficiency remain to be addressed. In this study, a novel EK reactor was proposed to remediate Cu and Pb contaminated loess where a biological permeable reactive barrier (bio-PRB) was deployed to the middle of the EK reactor. For comparison, three test configurations, namely, CG, TG-1, and TG-2, were available. CG considered the multiple enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) treatments, while TG-1 considered both the multiple EICP treatments and pH regulation. TG-2 further considered NH recovery based on TG-1. CG not only improved Cu and Pb removals by the bio-PRB but also depressed the focusing phenomenon. TG-1 causes more Cu and Pb to migrate toward the bio-PRB and aggravates Cu and Pb removals by the bio-PRB, depressing the focusing phenomenon. TG-2 depressed the focusing phenomenon the most because Cu and Pb can combine with not only CO but PO. The removal efficiency of Cu and Pb is 34% and 36%, respectively. A NH recovery of about 100% is attained.
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