AI Article Synopsis

  • - Recent studies on caffeine's health effects show mixed results, prompting this research focused on overweight and obese individuals, assessing their dietary caffeine intake and health outcomes.
  • - In a study involving 488 participants, those with higher caffeine intake had lower fat mass, better body composition, and lower cholesterol levels compared to those with lower intake.
  • - Adjusted analyses revealed that higher caffeine consumers had improved insulin levels and lower blood pressure, suggesting potential health benefits for overweight and obese individuals.

Article Abstract

Background: Recent studies have revealed some conflicting results about the health effects of caffeine. These studies are inconsistent in terms of design and population and source of consumed caffeine. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the possible health effects of dietary caffeine intake among overweight and obese individuals.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 488 apparently healthy individuals with overweight and obesity were participated. Dietary intake was assessed by a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and the amount of dietary caffeine was calculated. Body composition was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Enzymatic methods were used to evaluate serum lipid, glucose, and insulin concentrations.

Results: Those at the highest tertile of dietary caffeine intake had lower percentage of fat mass, higher fat free mass and appetite score (P < 0.05). Also, lower total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) was observed in higher tertiles of dietary caffeine intake compared with lower tertiles. In multinomial adjusted models, those at the second tertile of dietary caffeine intake were more likely to have higher serum insulin (P = 0.04) and lower homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values compared with first tertile (P = 0.03) in crude model. While, in the age, body mass index (BMI), sex, physical activity, socio-economic status (SES) and energy intake -adjusted model (Model III), those at the third tertile of dietary caffeine intake were more likely to have low serum LDL concentrations [odds ratio (OR) = 0.957; CI = 0.918-0.997; P = 0.04]. With further adjustment to dietary vegetable, fiber and grain intake, those at the third tertile of dietary caffeine intake were more likely to have low systolic blood pressure (SBP), LDL and high HDL levels compared with those at the first tertile (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: High intakes of dietary caffeine was associated with lower LDL, SBP, insulin resistance and higher HDL concentrations among overweight and obese individuals. However, due to observational design of the study, causal inference is impossible and further studies are warranted to confirm our findings.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10588058PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12902-023-01477-1DOI Listing

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