A systematic review of modeling approaches in green supply chain optimization.

Over the past decade, the significance of optimizing green supply chain management (GSCM) has gained unprecedented attention from both scholars and industry professionals. This surge in interest has led researchers to employ diverse modeling approaches in the pursuit of enhancing green supply chain networks. In this systematic review, we analyze 159 recent GSCM optimization papers published from 2017 to 2022 and identify the recent trends in mathematical modeling, multi-objective optimization, and the modeling/solver tools utilized. We find that the primary green focus is on minimizing carbon emissions (n = 44), reflecting the increasing concern for environmental sustainability. Among the modeling approaches employed, mixed-integer linear programming has emerged as the most popular choice (n = 51), followed by game theory-based modeling (n = 30). When it comes to multiobjective optimization, the ε-constraint approach is the most widely used. Evolutionary algorithms have emerged as the dominant meta-heuristic optimization approach. Additionally, the widely utilized solver in this domain is CPLEX with the most popular modeling/solver combination being GAMS/CPLEX. Moreover, the Journal of Cleaner Production was the leading outlet for research in this domain (n = 35). In addition to these findings, this study also discusses some other research trends and future research directions. Finally, we discuss the theoretical, managerial, and policy implications of this study. By providing GSCM researchers and practitioners with the latest trends in GSCM optimization approaches, this study contributes to the further advancement of the field.