Introduction: Racial residential segregation has been shown to affect the absolute levels of racial disparities in a wide variety of health outcomes in the USA but it is not known whether changes in segregation also influence these racial health disparities. This study examines the relationship between changes in racial residential segregation over four decades (1980-2020) and trends in racial disparities in early mortality (under age 65) rates among non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White persons across a wide range of health outcomes in 220 metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) during the period 2001-2018.
Methods: Using the CDC WONDER Underlying Cause of Death database, we derived annual estimates of race-specific death rates and rate ratios for each MSA. We used latent trajectory analysis to examine the relationship between the level of segregation and changes in segregation over time in an MSA and trends in death rate disparities in that MSA.
Results: The trajectory analysis resulted in a linear, three group model in which trajectory Groups 1 and 2 had decreasing trends in the ratios of Black to White death rates over time while in Group 3, the disparity remained almost constant over time. Increases in the level of segregation in an MSA from 1980 to 2000 were significantly associated with the likelihood that the MSA was in Group 3 and experienced no improvement in racial health disparities in mortality over time.
Conclusion: This paper provides new evidence that changes in segregation are related to trends in racial health disparities in mortality rates over time.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11564216 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40615-023-01830-z | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Racial residential segregation is associated with ambient air pollution exposure after adjustment for multilevel sociodemographic factors: Evidence from eight US-based cohorts.
Environ Epidemiol
February 2025
Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington.
Objective: We examined if racial residential segregation (RRS) - a fundamental cause of disease - is independently associated with air pollution after accounting for other neighborhood and individual-level sociodemographic factors, to better understand its potential role as a confounder of air pollution-health studies.
Methods: We compiled data from eight large cohorts, restricting to non-Hispanic Black and White urban-residing participants observed at least once between 1999 and 2005. We used 2000 decennial census data to derive a spatial RRS measure (divergence index) and neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES) index for participants' residing Census tracts, in addition to participant baseline data, to examine associations between RRS and sociodemographic factors (NSES, education, race) and residential exposure to spatiotemporal model-predicted PM and NO levels.
Disparities in utilization of novel cancer therapies in advanced stage III and IV melanoma and variance in outcomes.
Immunotherapy
January 2025
Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Roger Williams Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA.
Introduction: Significant gains in advanced melanoma have been made through immunotherapy trials. Factors influencing equitable access and survival impact of these novel therapies are not well-defined.
Method: Retrospective analysis using National Cancer Database of patients with advanced stage III and IV melanoma from 2004 to 2021.
Association of Residential Segregation with Mortality in the U.S., 2018-2022.
Am J Prev Med
January 2025
Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia.
Introduction: This study aimed to examine the association of county-level racial and economic residential segregation with mortality rates in the U.S. between 2018 and 2022.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStructural, Institutional, and Interpersonal Racism: Calling for Equity in Autism Research and Practice.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA.
Disparities in autism research and practices based on race and ethnicity are evident across many outcomes and life course stages. However, most of the research has focused on outlining differences and not the underlying systemic inequities driving these disparities. In this conceptual paper, we aim to shift the focus by outlining mechanisms of structural racism within the institutions of science, healthcare, and residential segregation and educational systems in the United States (U.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSocial Determinants, Mental Well-Being, and Disrupted Life Transitions Among Young Adults with Disabling Mental Health Conditions.
J Behav Health Serv Res
January 2025
Transitions to Adulthood Center for Research, Department of Psychiatry, UMass Chan Medical Schoo, 222 Maple Avenue, Shrewsbury, MA, 01545, USA.
This study sought to understand how young adults (age 18-25) with histories of mental health disorders are coping with disrupted transitions to adulthood during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional web survey was conducted in March-June 2021 of 967 US young adults with pre-pandemic psychiatric disability to assess their current psychiatric status, interrupted transitions, and associations with social determinants including income, community participation, and social context. Mental health was assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), and PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!