AI Article Synopsis
- Foam sclerotherapy is an effective treatment for varicose veins, with its success tied to the stability of the foam used.
- Two methods for creating physician-compounded foam (PCF), the double syringe system (DSS) and the Tessari method, were compared for their foam stability.
- The DSS method produced more stable and uniform foam than the Tessari method, with the stability linked to the angle of the connector used between syringes.
Article Abstract
Background: Foam sclerotherapy is an effective treatment for varicose veins and venous malformations, with its efficacy influenced by foam stability. The methods for preparing physician-compounded foam (PCF) are the double syringe system (DSS) and Tessari method. Few studies have been performed to compare the PCF stability produced by the 2 methods and their mechanisms. We aim to compare the stability of PCF produced by 2 two methods in the same connector and explore the reasons for the difference.
Methods: Foam was generated by the 2 methods under different circumstances. In the Tessari method, 2 syringes were connected at right angles (90°) by a 3-way tap. In the DSS method, 2 syringes were connected by the same 3-way tap in a straight line (180°). The stability and uniformity of foam produced by the 2 methods were compared using foam half-time and optical microscopy, respectively. Assuming that the difference in foam stability between the 2 methods was related to the angles of a connector, we compared the foam stability when 2 syringes were connected with a plastic connector bent to different angles.
Results: The DSS method could produce more uniform foam with longer foam half-time than the Tessari method, which was related to the angle of the connector.
Conclusions: The stability of PCF is influenced by the angle of the connector.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.avsg.2023.08.011 | DOI Listing |
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