AI Article Synopsis
- Plants rely on intracellular signaling molecules to manage their immune responses, since they lack a humoral defense system like animals.
- Pathogens trigger calcium ion accumulation in plant cells, which creates calcium signatures that activate defense-related proteins, such as calmodulins and calcium-dependent protein kinases.
- Recent biotechnological advances have highlighted the significance of calcium signaling in plant defenses against microbes, offering potential avenues for enhancing plant resistance to pathogens.
Article Abstract
The process of plant immune response is orchestrated by intracellular signaling molecules. Since plants are devoid of a humoral system, they develop extensive mechanism of pathogen recognition, signal perception, and intricate cell signaling for their protection from biotic and abiotic stresses. The pathogenic attack induces calcium ion accumulation in the plant cells, resulting in calcium signatures that regulate the synthesis of proteins of defense system. These calcium signatures induct different calcium dependent proteins such as calmodulins (CaMs), calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs), calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) and other signaling molecules to orchestrate the complex defense signaling. Using advanced biotechnological tools, the role of Ca signaling during plant-microbe interactions and the role of CaM/CMLs and CDPKs in plant defense mechanism has been revealed to some extent. The Emerging perspectives on calcium signaling in plant-microbe interactions suggest that this complex interplay could be harnessed to improve plant resistance against pathogenic microbes. We present here an overview of current understanding in calcium signatures during plant-microbe interaction so as to imbibe a future direction of research.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10578444 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1248648 | DOI Listing |
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