Genetic Diversity and Resistance Genotype Profile in Infected Placental Samples Collected After Delivery in Ouagadougou.

Purpose: Intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine is widely used for the prevention of malaria in pregnant women in Africa. Known resistance cases of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine during pregnancy need to be follow up to support IPTp implementation in Burkina Faso. However, data on the development and spread of resistance to this molecule are lacking. This study aimed to investigating the genetic diversity of and the mutation prevalence in the and genes infected from postpartum infected placentas.

Patients And Methods: This was a prospective and cross-sectional study conducted between April 2019 and March 2020 in four health districts of Ouagadougou capital city. From the placentas collected after delivery, detection and and polymorphism analysis were performed by nested PCR. The resistance profile was checked after analyzing the mutation point on and genes.

Results: PCR-positive samples were estimated at 96% for and 98% for . The polymorphism analysis showed that the RO33 and 3D7 allelic families were the most widespread with 62.5% and 91.83%, respectively. Multiple infections by and were frequent with 12.50% and 92.92%, respectively. The prevalence of individual mutation point, 51I, 108A, and 59R, was 1.96, 15.68, and 7.84, respectively, and the mutation point, 437G, was 3.92. There is no detected mutation at the point 164L and 540E. The triple (51I+108A+59R) in and quadruple (51I+108A+59R+ 437G) mutation were not found.

Conclusion: The results showed that has a high genetic diversity of and . This suggests that and mutant genotypes are potential early warning factors in the increase in the sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance.