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Evaluating Avacopan in the Treatment of ANCA-Associated Vasculitis: Design, Development and Positioning of Therapy.
Drug Des Devel Ther
January 2025
Center of Expertise for Lupus-, Vasculitis- and Complement-Mediated Systemic Diseases (Luvacs), Department of Internal Medicine - Nephrology Section, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Recently, avacopan has been approved for the treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). Avacopan is an inhibitor of the C5a-receptor, which plays an important role in chemotaxis and the amplification loop of inflammation in AAV. In the most recent, international guidelines avacopan is recommended as steroid-sparing agents for the management of AAV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenomic Insights of Multidrug-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from a Sepsis Patient with Pauci-Immune Crescentic Glomerulonephritis, India.
Curr Microbiol
November 2024
Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences (SSBS), Symbiosis International (Deemed University) (SIU), Lavale, Pune, Maharashtra, 412115, India.
Article Synopsis
- * A recent genomic study identified extensively drug-resistant strains of these bacteria from a blood sample of a patient with a specific kidney condition (pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis), utilizing whole-genome sequencing to analyze their characteristics.
- * The analysis revealed distinct genome sizes and features, including multiple virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, emphasizing the need to understand these polymicrobial infections for better treatment strategies.
Female With Hypertensive Emergency Later Found to Have ANCA-Associated Vasculitis: A Case Report.
Cureus
August 2024
Rheumatology, Capital Health System, Trenton, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a type of vasculitis that primarily affects small blood vessels, commonly impacting the respiratory tracts and kidneys, with typical symptoms including sinus infections and kidney issues like hematuria and proteinuria.
- A case of a 48-year-old woman demonstrated a rare manifestation of GPA as a hypertensive emergency, with severe headache, high blood pressure, and signs of kidney involvement such as elevated serum creatinine and hematuria.
- After confirming the diagnosis through various tests and a kidney biopsy, treatment with steroids and rituximab led to significant improvement in her condition, showcasing the importance of recognizing atypical presentations of GPA.
Automated multi-scale computational pathotyping (AMSCP) of inflamed synovial tissue.
Nat Commun
August 2024
Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex immune-mediated inflammatory disorder in which patients suffer from inflammatory-erosive arthritis. Recent advances on histopathology heterogeneity of RA synovial tissue revealed three distinct phenotypes based on cellular composition (pauci-immune, diffuse and lymphoid), suggesting that distinct etiologies warrant specific targeted therapy which motivates a need for cost effective phenotyping tools in preclinical and clinical settings. To this end, we developed an automated multi-scale computational pathotyping (AMSCP) pipeline for both human and mouse synovial tissue with two distinct components that can be leveraged together or independently: (1) segmentation of different tissue types to characterize tissue-level changes, and (2) cell type classification within each tissue compartment that assesses change across disease states.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-negative pauci-immune glomerulonephritis in a patient with Waldenstrom macroglobulinaemia.
Nephrology (Carlton)
November 2024
Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
Article Synopsis
- Waldenstrom macroglobulinaemia (WM) is a type of cancer affecting the bone marrow and is often linked with kidney issues due to the production of abnormal IgM proteins.
- The case report discusses a 76-year-old male WM patient who developed a rare complication called ANCA-negative pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis (PICGN), which led to kidney damage.
- Treatment included high-dose steroids and chemotherapy, resulting in significant improvements in both his kidney function and overall health, suggesting that early diagnosis and intervention can benefit similar patients.
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