Respiratory involvement in connective tissue diseases.

Eur J Intern Med

Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension, Thoraxklinik Heidelberg gGmbH at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Translational Lung Research Centre Heidelberg, Member of the German Centre for Lung Research, Germany.

Published: February 2024

Pulmonary involvement is doubtless one the most fatal organ manifestations of the autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) and involves the parenchyma, the vessels, the respiratory system itself, but also the muscles and the pleura. Close and regular screening assessments, identification of risk factors, clinical signs associated with the existence of lung disease should alarm the involved physicians treating these patients. The accurate classification is essential, as different treatment options are nowadays available. Pulmonary manifestations of ARD will be analyzed in this review article with special emphasis on interstitial lung disease and pulmonary hypertension.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2023.09.016DOI Listing

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