AI Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the seroprevalence trends of malaria, dengue, and chikungunya in a western India hospital from 2014 to 2020, highlighting co-infection challenges in diagnosis and treatment.
- The research used retrospective analysis of serum samples from suspected cases, employing various ELISA and antigen testing methods, with data analyzed using MS Excel and JMP Software.
- Findings revealed a decreasing trend in malaria cases, with a notable increase in chikungunya and dengue seropositivity, particularly among males aged 21-30, emphasizing the need for enhanced surveillance and vector control measures to manage these diseases effectively.
Article Abstract
Background & Objectives: Dengue, chikungunya and malaria are mosquito-borne infections, which have shared endemicity and similar clinical presentation. Simultaneous co-infection with more than one infectious agent complicates the diagnosis and further course of treatment. This study aims to determine the seroprevalence and trend of malaria, dengue and chikungunya from 2014-2020 in a tertiary care hospital of western India.
Methods: The present study was retrospective descriptive record-based. Serum samples from clinically suspected dengue and chikungunya were subjected to both IgM antibody capture ELISA kits produced by National Institute of Virology (NIV), Pune, India. They were also subjected to ELISA based NS1Ag testing. In Suspected malaria cases, blood collected in EDTA tubes was subjected for Rapid Malaria antigen testing. Statistical analysis was performed using MS Excel and JMP Software.
Results: Seropositivity of malaria was comparatively higher in 2014 (5.53%) and a decreasing trend was observed in subsequent years. Majority of malarial infections were caused by Plasmodium vivax (81.67%). There is drastic increase in seropositivity of chikungunya from 2016 (23.67%) and thereafter as compared to 2014 (6.57%) and 2015 (7.29%) indicating its re-emergence. The dengue seropositivity in 2019 (40.19%) was highest in last seven years. Males were predominantly affected, and most affected age group was 21-30 years. Peak transmission was observed in post-monsoon seasons. Dengue and chikungunya co-infection was observed to be 5.79%.
Interpretation & Conclusion: This study emphasizes the importance of surveillance studies to understand the trend of vector-borne diseases for prompt diagnosis, management of patients in hospital setup and for early detection and curtailment of outbreaks and epidemics by public health sectors through appropriate vector control programs.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0972-9062.353232 | DOI Listing |
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