Objective: Evaluate the effect of backpack load location on postural sway and correlate sway path length (PL) to anthropometrics and body composition.
Methods: Fifteen participants aged 18-25 stood on a force plate with backpack load located high (LH), low (LL) or without backpack (NL). Body composition and anthropometric variables were correlated to PL.
Results: Load increased PL, 95% confidence ellipse, and mean velocity while it reduced mediolateral SampEn (p<0.05). Females had increased mean velocity and PL of sway (p<0.05). Larger phase angles correlated with reduced PL under NL. Taller individuals correlated with reduced PL under LL. Greater mass correlated with reduced PL under LH.
Conclusions: Load carriage regardless of load location increased postural sway metrics except mediolateral SampEn. Females had greater PL and mean velocity compared to males. Select anthropometric and body composition variables correlated with postural sway under different load conditions.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10575324 | PMC |
Objective: Suspended loads have been shown to improve loaded-walking economy. Establishing a biped walking model with dynamic trunk pitch angles can provide more comprehensive estimates of the human biomechanical response under suspended loads.
Methods: We developed the trunk-load- hip dynamics, modified the spring-loaded-inverted-pendulum (SLIP) model, and optimized the loaded-walking pattern for minimal energetic cost.
Heliyon
October 2024
School of Artificial Intelligence, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
Walking with heavy loads is a common task in military affairs and daily life. Considering that the shoulder and leg muscles fatigue will be caused during walking, which will affect the walking endurance and physical health. However, the suspended backpack is found to improve the energy efficiency of walking with a load.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFErgonomics
September 2024
College of Fashion and Design, Donghua University, Shanghai, China.
To enhance the prevention of shoulder pressure injuries in various load-bearing populations, the effects of shoulder morphology on pressure distribution were investigated. In this study, 69 participants underwent three-dimensional scanning, and based on shoulder morphological characteristic indicators, they were classified into four shoulder types. From these, 28 participants were selected to have the pressure within shoulder regions measured using a pressure-sensing vest while carrying a backpack load equivalent to 15% of their body weight.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biomech Eng
January 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Quantitative Biosciences and Engineering Program, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401.
Heavy load carriage is associated with musculoskeletal overuse injury, particularly in the lumbar spine. In addition, steep walking slopes and heavy backpacks separately require adaptation of torso kinematics, but the combined effect of sloped walking and heavy backpack loads on lumbar joint contact forces is unclear. Backpacks with hip belt attachments can reduce pressure under the shoulder straps; however, it is unknown if wearing a hip belt reduces lumbar spine forces.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFErgonomics
August 2024
Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
Load carriage is a key component of hiking and military activity. The design of the load carriage system (LCS) could influence performance and injury risk. This study aimed to compare a traditional and a compliant LCS during walking and a step-up task to quantify differences in oxygen consumption and trunk-pelvis kinematics.
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