A comparison of rectal versus fetlock temperatures in dorsally recumbent horses during general anesthesia.

Objective: To investigate the effect of isoflurane anesthesia on thermoregulation and peripheral heat loss in dorsally recumbent horses.

Study Design: Prospective, clinical study.

Animals: Seven adult horses (2.6 ± 1.5 years old, 455 ± 70.2 kg).

Methods: Horses underwent elective surgical procedures in dorsal recumbency under general anesthesia (GA) maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. Rectal (T), intranasal (T) and fetlock surface temperatures (T) were measured every 10 minutes for the first 80 minutes following induction of GA. Room temperature (T) was monitored during the study. Statistical analysis to determine differences between temperature measurement sites and techniques (T, T and T), and differences over time were completed using a mixed-effects model with Tukey's multiple comparison or Dunnett's multiple comparison testing where appropriate. Significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results: Following induction of anesthesia, T was significantly increased compared with baseline (0 minutes) from 40 to 80 minutes (p < 0.01). No significant differences were detected in T and T at any time point compared with baseline (p > 0.05). T was significantly lower than T (p < 0.02) at all time points and T from times 0 to 70 minutes (p < 0.04). There were no significant differences between T and T at any time (p > 0.05).

Conclusions: In horses undergoing isoflurane GA, T increased, indicating peripheral heat loss likely because of vasodilation, whereas T showed a clinically relevant decrease over time. These findings are suggestive of body heat redistribution during GA in horses in dorsal recumbency. Thermographic imaging of the peripheral limbs in combination with T and T monitoring allowed for recognition of peripheral heat redistribution in anesthetized horses.

Clinical Relevance: Anesthetized horses experience peripheral heat loss through their extremities as a result of vasodilation. Mitigating peripheral heat loss may improve thermoregulation and reduce hypothermic complications in anesthetized horses.