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Biomagnification and temporal trends (1990-2021) of perfluoroalkyl substances in striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) from the NW Mediterranean sea. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • This study investigates the levels and effects of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) found in striped dolphins in the North-Western Mediterranean Sea over the last 30 years, focusing on biomagnification and concentration trends.* -
  • Results revealed that multiple PFAS were detected in the dolphins' digestive content and liver, with long-chain PFAS biomagnifying more than short-chain types, which raises concerns about the dolphins' health.* -
  • The study also found that half of the samples from dolphins exceeded European Union environmental safety standards, indicating potential dangers from consuming contaminated prey, while trends showed PFAS levels peaked from 1990 to early 2000s before stabilizing.*

Article Abstract

Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) are a well-known class of pollutants which can bioaccumulate and biomagnify with a vast majority being highly persistent. This study aims to determine the biomagnification rates of PFAS in sexually mature striped dolphins and to assess temporal trends on PFAS concentrations over the past three decades (1990-2021) in the North-Western Mediterranean Sea. Thirteen and 17 of the 19 targeted PFAS were detected in the samples of the dolphins' digestive content and liver, respectively, at concentrations ranging between 43 and 1609 ng/g wet weight, and 254 and 7010 ng/g wet weight, respectively. The most abundant compounds in both types of samples were linear perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (n-PFOS) and perfluorooctanesulfonamide (FOSA), which were present in all samples, followed by perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA), perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA) and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA). Long-chain PFAS (i.e., PFCAs C ≥ 7 and PFSAs C ≥ 6) biomagnified to a greater extent than short-chain PFAS, suggesting a potential effect on the health of striped dolphins. Environmental Quality Standards concentrations set in 2014 by the European Union were exceeded in half of the samples of digestive content, suggesting that polluted prey may pose potential health risks for striped dolphins. Concentrations of most long-chain PFAS increased from 1990 to 2004-2009, then stabilized during 2014-2021, possibly following country regulations and industrial initiatives. The current study highlights the persistent presence of banned PFAS and may contribute to future ecological risk assessments and the design of management strategies to mitigate PFAS pollution in marine ecosystems.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122738DOI Listing

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