Background: This study analyzed the predictive value of artificial intelligence (AI)-powered tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) analysis in recurrent or metastatic (R/M) adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) treated with axitinib.
Methods: Patients from a multicenter, prospective phase II trial evaluating axitinib efficacy in R/M ACC were included in this study. H&E whole-side images of archival tumor tissues were analyzed by Lunit SCOPE IO, an AI-powered spatial TIL analyzer.
Results: Twenty-seven patients were included in the analysis. The best response was stable disease, and the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 11.1 months (95% CI, 9.2-13.7 months). Median TIL densities in the cancer and surrounding stroma were 25.8/mm (IQR, 8.3-73.0) and 180.4/mm (IQR, 69.6-342.8), respectively. Patients with stromal TIL density >342.5/mm exhibited longer PFS (p = 0.012).
Conclusions: Cancer and stromal area TIL infiltration were generally low in R/M ACC. Higher stromal TIL infiltration was associated with a longer PFS with axitinib treatment.
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