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Epigenetic Inhibitors Differentially Impact TGF-β1 Signaling Cascades in COPD Airway Smooth Muscle Cells.
Cells
December 2024
School of Life Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by progressive and incurable airflow obstruction and chronic inflammation. Both TGF-β1 and CXCL8 have been well described as fundamental to COPD progression. DNA methylation and histone acetylation, which are well-understood epigenetic mechanisms regulating gene expression, are associated with COPD progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: In severe equine asthma, structural remodeling of the airways ultimately leads to bronchial wall thickening and airflow obstruction. Increased bronchial vascularization has been described in horses affected by the severe form of the disease, but whether it contributes to bronchial remodeling in milder forms of asthma remains to be determined. In a blinded, retrospective case-control study, we evaluated the presence of bronchial angiogenesis in horses with mild and moderate equine asthma (MEA) and its correlation to airway smooth muscle remodeling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRole of voltage-gated Ca channels and Ano1 Ca-activated Cl channels in M2 muscarinic receptor-dependent contractions of murine airway smooth muscle.
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol
January 2025
Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Dundalk, Co. Louth, Ireland.
Cholinergic tone is elevated in obstructive lung conditions such as COPD and asthma, but the cellular mechanisms underlying cholinergic contractions of airway smooth muscle (ASM) are still unclear. Some studies report an important role for L-type Ca channels (LTCC) and Ano1 Ca-activated Cl™ channels (CACC) in these responses, but others dispute their importance. Cholinergic contractions of ASM involve activation of M3Rs, however stimulation of M2Rs exerts a profound hypersensitisation of these responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOxylipin Profiling of Airway Structural Cells Is Unique and Modified by Relevant Stimuli.
J Proteome Res
January 2025
Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3E0J9, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- Oxylipins, which are lipid mediators derived from fatty acids, play crucial roles in respiratory health, but their profiles in lung structural cells are not fully understood.
- The study measured 162 oxylipins in airway smooth muscle, lung fibroblasts, and epithelial cells, both at baseline and after exposure to various stimuli.
- Results showed that airway smooth muscle and lung fibroblasts had similar oxylipin profiles dominated by CYP450 metabolites, while epithelial cells had a unique profile rich in COX-derived oxylipins, with distinct changes noted upon stimulation that could impact respiratory function.
Study of the effect of azithromycin on airway remodeling in asthma via the SAPK/JNK pathway.
J Cardiothorac Surg
December 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, China, 310009.
Objective: Asthma is a prevalent status attributing to lower respiratory tract chronic inflammation. Azithromycin (AZM) is known to be effective against asthma. Thus, this study delved into the mechanism of AZM repressing airway remodeling (AR) via the SAPK/JNK pathway in asthma.
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