The rare earth metal, samarium (Sm) doped bismuth tungstate (BiWO) nanoparticles were prepared by a one-pot hydrothermal method. The powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the formation of BiWO with an orthorhombic crystal structure. The crystallite size of BiWO decreased from 20.73 to 9.25 nm as the Sm substitution in the W lattice increased. The vibrational modes of W-O, Bi-O, and Sm-O were identified in the range of 500-900 cm. The optical bandgap of Sm doped BiWO nanoparticles increased from 2.86 to 2.95 eV with higher Sm doping levels. The surface morphology revealed the formation of flower-like sheets in the Sm doped bismuth tungstate. The energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrum of Sm doped BiWO nanoparticles confirmed the presence of Sm, Bi, W, and O without any other impurities. The small peak detected at 1082.14 eV in the survey scan of Sm doped BiWO nanoparticles belonged to Sm3d. In the photocatalytic degradation of direct blue 15 (DB15) under visible light irradiation, the efficiency of the nanoparticles increased with higher Sm concentration. The obtained results demonstrated that the Sm-BiWO nanosheets could provide an effective and sustainable solution for treating the wastewater containing direct blue 15 dye.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140414DOI Listing

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