Keratoconus is an asymmetric bilateral eye condition that results in an increase in corneal curvature and a decrease of corneal thickness. Increasing myopia and astigmatism result in a decrease of visual acuity. The condition frequently begins in the second decade, gets worse during the next few years, and stabilizes about age 35. Risk factors include eye rubbing, and familial predisposition. Contact lenses or corneal transplants are two possible treatments. Nowadays, the illness can be stopped through corneal cross-linking.
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A Unique Retinoscopic Reflex Pattern in the Initial Stages of Keratoconus and Its Clinical Significance for Early Keratoconus Detection: A Case Report.
Cureus
November 2024
Department of Optometry, Noor Alyemen Eye and E.N.T Consulting Center, Sana'a, YEM.
Keratoconus is a bilateral eye anomaly in which the cornea develops gradually, becoming steeper and thinner, causing irregular astigmatism and myopia. This unique case report highlights an atypical retinoscopic reflex that can be observed in the initial stages of keratoconus. While the reflex deviates subtly from the normal form, exhibiting a slightly distorted, irregular, and non-scissoring pattern, it differs significantly from the well-documented "scissor reflex," which is characteristic of moderate to advanced stages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical outcomes of two symmetrical Kera-rings implanted in grade three keratoconus: a retrospective nonrandomized study.
BMC Ophthalmol
December 2024
Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Almohafza St. Mailbox: 82511, Sohag, 82511, Egypt.
Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of implanting two symmetrical Kerarings via a femtosecond laser in grade three keratoconus.
Patients And Methods: This was a retrospective nonrandomized controlled clinical study. The study included one eye from each of twenty-three patients, all with Grade 3 keratoconus as classified by the Amsler-Krumeich classification.
Evaluating the safety and effectiveness of the sub-400 corneal cross-linking protocol: initial clinical and morphological findings.
Int Ophthalmol
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
Purpose: To assess the safety and the efficacy of the "Sub-400 corneal cross-linking (CXL) protocol" for progressive keratoconus (KC) in ultrathin corneas.
Methods: The study included thirty four patients with progressive KC, who underwent CXL using the "Sub-400" protocol due to intraoperative thinnest corneal pachymetry ranging from 295 to 398 μm after epithelial removal. After the epithelium was removed, the following ultraviolet A irradiation was applied at a fluence of 3 mW/cm and the duration was adjusted based on the specific corneal stromal thickness.
Factors Influencing Refractive Surgery Rejection in Israeli Patients.
Isr Med Assoc J
December 2024
Enaim Refractive Surgery Center, Jerusalem, Israel, Department of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Background: One of the major causes of reversible visual impairment is a refractive error, which can be corrected through refractive surgery. Data regarding the outcomes and complications of these procedures exist; however, there is a notable gap in understanding the factors leading to patient rejection, particularly in diverse populations like Israel.
Objectives: To detect clinical risk factors of patients who intend to undergo LASIK procedure and to improve the conversion rates of LASIK procedure in this population.
Purpose: To assess real-time intraoperative pachymetry changes occurring during corneal cross-linking (CXL) using microscope-integrated optical coherence tomography (Mi-OCT) and compare accuracy of various modalities of pachymetry assessment.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational comparative study including 45 consecutive patients with progressive keratoconus planned for CXL. Mi-OCT (RESCAN 700) was used to measure central corneal thickness (CCT) during four stages of CXL: before epithelial debridement, after debridement, after riboflavin instillation, and after ultraviolet irradiation.
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