Contribution to the improvement of the nutritional and functional properties of bread by incorporating cinnamon powder ().

Bread is a staple food for billions of households around the world; yet, some of its nutritional value is reduced during the manufacturing process. With this in mind, this work was carried out with the objective of improving the nutritional and functional properties of white bread by using cinnamon in breadmaking in order to contribute to the prevention of certain diseases related to eating habits. Therefore, bread-making trials by incorporating 0%, 0.5%, and 1% of cinnamon powder were carried out. From then on, the breads produced underwent physicochemical, biochemical, and organoleptic analyses. Thus, the results showed that the biochemical composition of the bread containing 1% cinnamon powder and the bread containing 0.5% cinnamon was 11.96 ± 0.02% and 11.22 ± 0.02% for protein, 1.70 ± 0.01% and 1.41 ± 0.07% for fiber, respectively, compared to 10.76 ± 0.014% protein and 1.36 ± 0.17% fiber for the bread without cinnamon. In terms of phytochemical composition, the bread containing 1% cinnamon powder recorded the highest contents of polyphenols, flavonoids, and condensed tannins (551.295 ± 25 μg EAG/g DM, respectively; 53.117 ± 1.36 μg EQ/g DM and 269.837 ± 39.2 μg EC/g DM) compared to the bread containing 0.5% of cinnamon powder and the bread with 1% cinnamon. From the nutritional and phytochemical point of view, the results of this work showed the positive impact of the incorporation of cinnamon powder in wheat flour-based bread with beneficial properties on the health of consumers.