AI Article Synopsis
- A retrospective study analyzed data from 9876 children hospitalized with COVID-19 in Japan from 2020 to 2022, focusing on clinical practice patterns and health resource use.
- Key findings showed a decrease in hospital stay lengths and healthcare costs, while treatment with intravenous hydration and various medications increased over time.
- The study identified significant risk factors for severe COVID-19, including age under 1 year, the presence of complex chronic diseases, and asthma, highlighting the need for targeted treatment strategies for at-risk children.
Article Abstract
Background: The trends in clinical practice patterns and health resource use, as well as risk factors for severe conditions among children hospitalized with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), remain unclear.
Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study consisting of 9876 children hospitalized with COVID-19 during 2020-2022 using the Medical Data Vision database in Japan. We investigated trends in patient characteristics, health resource use, treatment patterns and laboratory data. Additionally, log-binomial regression models were used to investigate the risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 among pediatric inpatients with COVID-19.
Results: We observed decreasing trends in the lengths of hospital stays, healthcare costs, computed tomography use, and antibiotic use, and increasing trends in treatment with intravenous hydration and use of antipyretics, antiepileptics, antiemetics and antivirals from the first wave to the seventh wave of COVID-19 pandemic. During the 3-year period, the risk of severe COVID-19 was almost stable at 3%. Risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 were children less than 1 year old [risk ratio (RR): 1.69; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02-2.78], the number of complex chronic diseases (RR for 1 disease: 4.49; 95% CI: 2.76-7.32; RR for 2 or more diseases: 10.2; 95% CI: 5.19-20.3) and asthma (RR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.06-3.20).
Conclusions: Our study observed the changes in practice patterns and health resource use for children hospitalized with COVID-19 and identified risk factors associated with severe COVID-19. These findings indicate the importance of vigilant monitoring and tailored treatment strategies in children with these risk factors.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000004135 | DOI Listing |
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