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Insectivorous bats at northern latitudes need to cope with long periods of no food for large parts of the year. Hence, bats which are resident at northern latitudes throughout the year will need to undergo a long hibernation season and a short reproductive season where foraging time is limited by extended daylight periods. Eptesicus nilssonii is the northernmost occurring bat species worldwide and hibernates locally when ambient temperatures (Ta) limit prey availability. Therefore, we investigated the energy spent maintaining normothermy at different Ta, as well as how much bats limit energy expenditure while in torpor. We found that, despite being exposed to Ta as low as 1.1°C, bats did not increase torpid metabolic rate, thus indicating that E. nilssonii can survive and hibernate at low ambient temperatures. Furthermore, we found a lower critical temperature (Tlc) of 27.8°C, which is lower than in most other vespertilionid bats, and we found no indication of any metabolic response to Ta up to 37.1°C. Interestingly, carbon dioxide production increased with increasing Ta above the Tlc, presumably caused by a release of retained CO2 in bats that remained in torpor for longer and aroused at Ta above the Tlc. Our results indicate that E. nilssonii can thermoconform at near-freezing Ta, and hence maintain longer torpor bouts with limited energy expenditure, yet also cope with high Ta when sun exposed in roosts during long summer days. These physiological traits are likely to enable the species to cope with ongoing and predicted climate change.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.245260 | DOI Listing |
Chem Sci
December 2024
Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University Beijing 100871 China
Oxidation is a fundamental transformation in synthesis. Developing facile and effective aerobic oxidation processes under ambient conditions is always in high demand. Benefiting from its high energy and good penetrability, ionizing radiation can readily produce various reactive species to trigger chemical reactions, offering another option for synthesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
December 2024
Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia.
Fins and radial fins are versatile engineering components that significantly enhance heat transfer and thermal management in diverse applications, hence improving efficiency and performance across several sectors. This study examines the temperature distribution in a radial porous fin under steady-state conditions, evaluating the impact of several significant parameters by utilizing a novel methodology. We specifically introduce an inclined magnetic field and examine the effects of convection and internal heat generation on the thermal behavior of the fin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrob Pathog
December 2024
Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Basic Research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China. Electronic address:
A striking characteristic of the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans is its ability to switch between budding yeast morphology and the filamentous form, facilitating its adaptation to changing host environments. The filamentous growth of C. albicans is mediated by various environmental factors, such as carbon dioxide (CO), N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), serum, and high temperature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Condens Matter
December 2024
Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, IIT Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, Delhi, 110016, INDIA.
We have grown (111)- and (001)-oriented NiO thin films on (0001)-Sapphire and (001)-MgO substrates using pulsed laser deposition (PLD), respectively. DC magnetic susceptibility measurements underline that the Néel temperatures of the samples are beyond room-temperature. This is further confirmed by the presence of two-magnon Raman scattering modes in these films in ambient conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDalton Trans
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Jiangwan Campus, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
The phosphaguanidinate rare-earth-metal bis(aminobenzyl) complexes [(PhP)C(NCHPr-2,6)]Ln(CHCH NMe-) (Ln = Y(1-Y) and Lu(1-Lu)) were synthesized by the protonolysis of (PhP)[C(NHR)(NR)] (R = 2,6-(Pr)CH) with Ln(CHCHNMe-) (Ln = Y and Lu). Interestingly, the ring-opening rearrangement product [-MeNCHCHC(NCHPr-2,6)]Lu(CHCHNMe-)[O(CH)PPh] (2) was obtained when the acid-base reaction was carried out in THF solution at 60 °C for 36 h. Additionally, the trinuclear homometallic yttrium multimethyl/methylidene complex {[(PhP)C(NCHPr-2,6)]Y(μ-Me)}(μ-Me)(μ-CH) (3) was synthesized by the treatment of 1-Y with AlMe (2 equiv.
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