Kounis syndrome (KS) is an acute coronary syndrome triggered by allergic or anaphylactic reactions. It manifests as coronary artery vasospasm, acute myocardial infarction, or coronary stent thrombosis, resulting from inflammatory cytokine release and inappropriate activation of platelets and mast cells. We present a case of an 85-year-old male with Crohn's disease who suffered anaphylaxis during infliximab infusion, culminating in non-ST myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). The patient's symptoms were effectively managed with epinephrine and diphenhydramine, and KS secondary to infliximab was diagnosed. Diagnosing KS can be challenging due to the overlapping signs of an allergic reaction and myocardial infarction. Timely recognition and appropriate management of KS are crucial to enhance patient outcomes. Therefore, healthcare providers should maintain a high index of suspicion for KS in patients with acute coronary syndromes linked to allergic reactions to optimize care and minimize potential risks. This case report underscores the significance of prompt intervention and awareness of Kounis syndrome in clinical practice.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.44704 | DOI Listing |
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Article Synopsis
- Kounis syndrome is an acute coronary condition triggered by allergic reactions, resulting in heart damage and, in some cases, anaphylactic shock.
- This syndrome can occur as a rare side effect of COVID-19 vaccinations, highlighting the need for further case studies to improve understanding and treatments.
- Analysis of data from 15 patients revealed that the first vaccine dose is more likely to cause Kounis syndrome, emphasizing the importance of prompt diagnosis and monitoring for cardiac symptoms after vaccination.
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