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Cancer risk associated with low-dose ionizing radiation: A systematic review of epidemiological and biological evidence.
Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res
December 2024
Department of Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- The current radiation protection standards for cancer risk, primarily based on the Life Span Study (LSS), lack sufficient supporting evidence for low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) effects.
- There is a growing need for substantial evidence and potential thresholds for cancer risk, especially with increased medical radiation use, prompting a review of epidemiological studies.
- Recent advances in understanding the biology of LDIR-induced cancer suggest that factors like DNA damage, chromosome changes, and stem cell behavior may challenge existing risk models, indicating new areas for future research.
Background: Breast screening recommendation based on individual risk assessment is emerging as an alternative approach to improve compliance and efficiency to detect breast cancer (BC) early. In Vietnam, prior knowledge to stratify risk based on genetic factors is currently lacking.
Methods: This study recruited 892 BC patients and 735 healthy Vietnamese women from 2016 to 2021.
Random Threshold Model: A Low-Dose Radiation-Induced Risk Assessment Approach Considering Individual Susceptibility to Cancer.
Dose Response
November 2024
Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
The linear no-threshold (LNT) model, which has been used for radiation protection purposes, was developed based on the assumption that exposure to even a small amount of radiation may cause cancer. However, although it is known in carcinogenesis that there is variation in radiation sensitivity among individuals, the LNT model does not adequately consider radiosensitive subgroups. In this paper, we represent susceptibility to contract cancer by radiation exposure by means of the threshold of a dose-response function, introduce an assumption that the thresholds are random to represent the variation of the radiosensitivity among individuals in a susceptible subgroup.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMuller letter reveals scientific scandal that discredits evidence used to support LNT.
Chem Biol Interact
October 2023
Departments of Neurology and Biochemistry, Pellegrino Center for Clinical Bioethics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20007, USA. Electronic address:
A newly discovered letter written by Hermann J. Muller in August 1948, reveals that he claimed to have evidence that multiple papers by Frederick Hanson and Florence Heys, including those that supported the linear non-threshold (LNT) dose response model for hereditary and cancer risk assessment, were fraudulent and thus untrustworthy. Muller failed to bring this issue, which he referred to as a major scientific scandal, to the attention of the scientific community, remaining silent for the remainder of his career.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe dose-dependent mechanism behind the protective effect of lentinan against acute alcoholic liver injury proliferating intestinal probiotics.
Food Funct
September 2024
College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China.
Article Synopsis
- Acute alcoholic liver injury (AALI) can lead to severe liver conditions and has limited treatment options with potential side effects.
- This study explored the structure and protective effects of natural lentinan (LNT), a polysaccharide from the Qinba Mountain area, across different doses (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg) in a mouse model of AALI.
- Results showed that LNT improved liver function, reduced inflammation and oxidative stress, and promoted beneficial gut bacteria, suggesting that its protective effects against AALI are linked to the dose and the stimulation of probiotics.
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