Background: Infections significantly predominate during induction chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) in children. Antibacterial prophylaxis is one strategy that lowers the risk of these infections. This study evaluates the role of levofloxacin prophylaxis on the frequency of infections, febrile neutropenia (FN) and outcomes associated with it along with the development of drug-resistance.
Subject And Methods: This was a single-centre cohort study in which the data were collected from electronic health records between two cohorts of high-risk ALL patients in the induction phase: the first one before the initiation of levofloxacin prophylaxis and the second was after the implementation of levofloxacin prophylaxis. The variables were compared between both the groups and odds ratios were calculated for clinical outcomes.
Results: Out of 227 patients, 115 were given levofloxacin prophylaxis and 112 were in the no prophylaxis group. Both cohorts were similar in demographic factors, treatment regimen and supportive care services. There was a significant difference in total in-patient admissions along with FN admissions ( = 0.026). Microbiologically documented infections and infection-related critical interventions were significantly higher in the no prophylaxis group ( < 0.05). Odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval were applied to both groups for clinical outcomes in patients with and without FN which also illustrated similar results. Overall mortality and drug resistance patterns were similar among both groups.
Conclusion: This study emphasised that levofloxacin is effective in reducing inpatient admissions with FN and its complications but did not affect the drug-resistance pattern. Long-term monitoring for antibiotic resistance is mandatory.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10550328 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3332/ecancer.2023.1606 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility for 62 isolates of from children.
Front Microbiol
December 2024
Hebei Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, HeBei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, China.
Background: Pertussis is a highly contagious respiratory disease caused by (BP). Despite global control of pertussis cases through the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI), there has been a significant increase in the incidence of pertussis in recent years, characterized by a "resurgence" in developed countries with high immunization rates as well as a comparable reemergence in certain areas of China. We aim to explore the genotypes and antimicrobial susceptibility of circulating BP from children in Hebei.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntibiotic susceptibility testing and molecular characterization based on whole-genome sequencing of isolates from pediatric infections at the National Regional Medical Center of Southwest China during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Front Public Health
December 2024
Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Background: is a transmitted respiratory pathogen that causes high morbidity and mortality in children, especially those under 5 years of age. During the implementation of population control measures for COVID-19 in mainland China, the detection rate in pediatric patients decreased. However, with the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (2022), the incidence of pneumococcal disease (PD) and even invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) began to rise again.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBroth microdilution protocol for determining antimicrobial susceptibility of Legionella pneumophila to clinically relevant antimicrobials.
J Microbiol Methods
January 2025
Medical Microbiology, Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; UK Health Security Agency, Bacteriology Reference Department, London, UK. Electronic address:
Currently there is no detailed, internationally agreed protocol defined to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) for Legionella pneumophila (required to establish epidemiological cut-off value or "ECOFF" boundaries); therefore, antimicrobial resistance in these isolates cannot be defined. AST methods utilising media containing activated charcoal as an ingredient, to enable Legionella growth, are unreliable as noted in an internationally authored opinion paper and a new gold standard is required. Here we define a detailed protocol for broth microdilution (BMD) using defined cell culture collection-deposited control reference strains (Philadelphia-1 and Knoxville-1) as well as two accessible reference strains with moderately (lpeAB-carrying) and markedly (23S rRNA mutation-carrying) elevated azithromycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntibiotics versus Non-Antibiotic in the treatment of Aspiration Pneumonia: analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.
BMC Pulm Med
December 2024
School of Computer Science, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, China.
Background: Aspiration pneumonia (AP) is a common complication in the intensive care unit (ICU), which is associated with significantly increased morbidity and mortality and has a significant impact on patient prognosis. Antibiotics are commonly used in the clinical treatment of AP. However, the prognostic impact of antibiotics on patients with AP has not been adequately characterized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSignificance of Targeted Antimicrobial Prophylaxis Using Rectal-culture Selective Screening Media Prior to Transrectal Prostate Biopsy: A Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial.
Urology
December 2024
Department of Urology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane, Japan; The Japanese Research Group for Urinary Tract Infection (JRGU), Nishinomiya, Japan.
Objective: To examine whether antimicrobial prophylaxis based on screening rectal cultures using selective media prevented acute bacterial prostatitis following transrectal prostate biopsy (TRPB).
Methods: In this multicenter, randomized controlled trial, we enrolled 403 patients undergoing TRPB with low risks of infectious complications. Patients were randomized into a cultured group (CG) or no cultured group (NCG).
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!