AI Article Synopsis
- - The study analyzed how different variants of SARS-CoV-2 affect immunity, focusing on 21 variants and how they interact with immune responses from people previously infected or vaccinated.
- - Researchers used a technique called antigenic cartography to identify significant differences in the spike protein of pre-Omicron variants, noting key positions that show variability related to immunity.
- - They observed that immunity increases notably 4 weeks to over 3 months after the second vaccine dose, and that the initial variant exposure impacts which parts of the spike protein the immune system focuses on, highlighting considerations for future vaccine strategies.
Article Abstract
During the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, multiple variants escaping preexisting immunity emerged, causing reinfections of previously exposed individuals. Here, we used antigenic cartography to analyze patterns of cross-reactivity among 21 variants and 15 groups of human sera obtained after primary infection with 10 different variants or after messenger RNA (mRNA)-1273 or mRNA-1273.351 vaccination. We found antigenic differences among pre-Omicron variants caused by substitutions at spike-protein positions 417, 452, 484, and 501. Quantifying changes in response breadth over time and with additional vaccine doses, our results show the largest increase between 4 weeks and >3 months after a second dose. We found changes in immunodominance of different spike regions, depending on the variant an individual was first exposed to, with implications for variant risk assessment and vaccine-strain selection.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.adj0070 | DOI Listing |
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