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Assessing the associations between known genetic variants and substance use in people with HIV in the United States. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study investigates genetic factors linked to substance use in people with HIV (PWH), who have higher substance use rates than the general population.
  • Researchers conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on a diverse group of 7,542 PWH, analyzing both previously identified and novel genetic associations with alcohol, smoking, and cannabis use.
  • Results revealed several known genetic variants related to substance use and identified two new loci associated with cannabis use cessation, enhancing understanding of genetic influences on substance use in PWH.

Article Abstract

Background: The prevalence of substance use in people with HIV (PWH) in the United States is higher than in the general population and is an important driver of HIV-related outcomes. We sought to assess if previously identified genetic associations that contribute to substance use are also observed in a population of PWH.

Methods: We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of alcohol, smoking, and cannabis use phenotypes in a multi-ancestry population of 7,542 PWH from the Center for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems (CNICS). We conducted multi-ancestry GWAS for individuals of African (n = 3,748), Admixed American (n = 1,334), and European (n = 2,460) ancestry. Phenotype data were self-reported and collected using patient reported outcomes (PROs) and three questions from AUDIT-C, an alcohol screening tool. We analyzed nine phenotypes: 1) frequency of alcohol consumption, 2) typical number of drinks on a day when drinking alcohol, 3) frequency of five or more alcoholic drinks in a 30-day period, 4) smoking initiation, 5) smoking cessation, 6) cigarettes per day, 7) cannabis use initiation, 8) cannabis use cessation, 9) frequency of cannabis use during the previous 30 days. For each phenotype we considered a) variants previously identified as associated with a substance use trait and b) novel associations.

Results: We observed evidence for effects of previously reported single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to alcohol (rs1229984, p = 0.001), tobacco (rs11783093, p = 2.22E-4), and cannabis use (rs2875907, p = 0.005). We also report two novel loci (19p13.2, p = 1.3E-8; and 20p11.21, p = 2.1E-8) associated with cannabis use cessation.

Conclusions: Our analyses contribute to understanding the genetic bases of substance use in a population with relatively higher rates of use compared to the general population.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10553320PMC
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0292068PLOS

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