Based on the theory of change, we gather, organize, and synthesize the evidence on the impact of three language of instruction (LOI) choices (teaching in mother tongue [MT] with later transition, teaching in a non-MT language, or teaching in two or more languages at one time) on literacy and biliteracy outcomes. We focus on quantitative and qualitative studies of LOI interventions in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and consider languages that are commonly spoken in the developing world. As such, we include studies that examine transfers from local languages to English, but not those evaluating transfers from local languages to languages that are less spoken in LMICs (e.g., Swedish).
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cl2.1351 | DOI Listing |
J Integr Neurosci
January 2025
Down Syndrome Program, Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Objective: To study the use of a dementia screening tool in our clinic cohort of adults with Down syndrome.
Study Design: A retrospective chart review of patients with Down syndrome was conducted to follow the use of the Adaptive Behaviour Dementia Questionnaire (ABDQ) in a dementia screening protocol. The ABDQ results for patients aged 40 years and older at a Down syndrome specialty clinic program were assessed.
Sensors (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
Traditional Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) tasks require an agent to navigate static environments using natural language instructions. However, real-world road conditions such as vehicle movements, traffic signal fluctuations, pedestrian activity, and weather variations are dynamic and continually changing. These factors significantly impact an agent's decision-making ability, underscoring the limitations of current VLN models, which do not accurately reflect the complexities of real-world navigation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Med
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Horus University, New Damietta 34517, Egypt.
: Knee pain in hemodialysis (HD) patients might affect health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and may be related to anxiety and depressive symptoms. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of knee pain in chronic HD patients and to determine its relationship with anxiety, depression, and HRQoL, : This multicenter cross-sectional study was carried out on chronic HD patients. Sociodemographic, clinical, and therapeutic data were collected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Med
January 2025
Innovation, Research and Teaching Service (SABES-ASDAA), Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical Private University (PMU), 39100 Bolzano, Italy.
: This study investigates the potential of artificial intelligence (AI), specifically large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT, to enhance decision support in diagnosing epilepsy. AI tools can improve diagnostic accuracy, efficiency, and decision-making speed. The aim of this study was to compare the level of agreement in epilepsy diagnosis between human experts (epileptologists) and AI (ChatGPT), using the 2014 International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) criteria, and to identify potential predictors of diagnostic errors made by ChatGPT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
Situational factors can influence cognitive performance and should be considered for conducting cognitive assessments. The objective of this project was to develop a checklist for Cognitive Assessment Requirements (CARE) to identify these situational factors before conducting cognitive assessments and account for them. This study employed a four-round Delphi approach involving 22 experts to identify situational factors that can impact cognitive assessment results.
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