Splenogonadal fusion is an infrequent cause of testicular or scrotal swelling with less than 250 cases reported. We report the case of a 27-year-old male who presented with painless scrotal swelling. The sonography showed a homogeneous, well-encapsulated left extratesticular mass, which was surgically removed. The gross examination revealed a grey-brown tissue below the left testis. The microscopy of the grey-brown mass revealed splenic tissue, and the testis showed maturation arrest, resulting in the diagnosis of splenogonadal fusion. These can be easily mistaken for a tumor, especially in this age group. Reporting such an entity increases awareness among clinicians, radiologists and pathologists, which will aid in preventing an orchiectomy for these patients.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10546646PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/acr.2023.442DOI Listing

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Splenogonadal fusion is a rare, benign congenital malformation characterized by the association of splenic tissue and gonads (typically testicles). It is a condition of male predominance and can be classified into two types: continuous, if the spleen and gonad are united by a splenic cord or fibrous tissue, or discontinuous. Splenogonadal fusion is often associated with other congenital anomalies such as cryptorchidism, limb defects, and micrognathia.

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