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Vertical Transmission of SARS-CoV-2-Specific Antibodies and Cytokine Profiles in Pregnancy. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Research on the immune response to COVID-19 during pregnancy is limited, yet crucial for understanding vertical transmission of the virus and its antibodies.
  • A study found a strong correlation between specific antibodies in pregnant women and their newborns, particularly higher antibody activity in women infected during the third trimester.
  • The presence of protective antibodies and anti-inflammatory cytokines in newborns may help reduce the negative impacts of inflammation from maternal infection.

Article Abstract

Despite intensive characterization of immune responses after COVID-19 infection and vaccination, research examining protective correlates of vertical transmission in pregnancy are limited. Herein, we profiled humoral and cellular characteristics in pregnant women infected or vaccinated at different trimesters and in their corresponding newborns. We noted a significant correlation between spike S1-specific IgG antibody and its RBD-ACE2 blocking activity (receptor-binding domain-human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) in maternal and cord plasma (P < .001, R > 0.90). Blocking activity of spike S1-specific IgG was significantly higher in pregnant women infected during the third trimester than the first and second trimesters. Elevated levels of 28 cytokines/chemokines, mainly proinflammatory, were noted in maternal plasma with infection at delivery, while cord plasma with maternal infection 2 weeks before delivery exhibited the emergence of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Our data support vertical transmission of protective SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies. This vertical antibody transmission and the presence of anti-inflammatory cytokines in cord blood may offset adverse outcomes of inflammation in exposed newborns.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11491822PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiad399DOI Listing

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