Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@gmail.com&api_key=61f08fa0b96a73de8c900d749fcb997acc09): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 143
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 143
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
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Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
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Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
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Function: GetPubMedArticleOutput_2016
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
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Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 488
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Function: require_once
Background: Adrenal insufficiency (AI) in hemoglobin E (HbE)/beta thalassemia, including evaluation of mineralocorticoid axis, had not been studied.
Aims And Objectives: In this study, we attempted to evaluate the prevalence of AI in HbE/beta thalassemia and wanted to determine if the prevalence of AI varied according to severity of HbE/beta thalassemia and transfusion requirements.
Methods: In this observational, cross-sectional study, 104 patients with HbE/beta thalassemia were evaluated. Among them, 57 and 47 were transfusion dependent and non-transfusion dependent. According to Mahidol criteria, patients were classified into mild (n = 39), moderate (n = 39), and severe (n = 26) disease. Early morning (8 Am) serum cortisol, plasma ACTH, and plasma aldosterone, renin were measured. Patients with baseline cortisol of 5 to 18 μg/dL underwent both 1 μg and 250 μg short Synacthen test. According to these results, patients were classified as having either normal, subclinical, or overt (primary/secondary) adrenal dysfunction.
Results: Adrenal insufficiency was found in 41% (n = 43). Among them 83.7% (n = 34) had primary AI and 16.3% (n = 9) had secondary AI. Thirty-three patients (31%) with normal or elevated ACTH and with low or normal aldosterone with high renin were diagnosed as having subclinical AI. There was no difference in prevalence of AI between transfusion dependent and non-transfusion dependent (P = .56) nor was there was any difference in prevalence of AI according to disease severity (P = .52).
Conclusion: Adrenal insufficiency is common in HbE/beta thalassemia and is independent of transfusion dependency and disease severity.
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Source |
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgad579 | DOI Listing |
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