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Genetic diversity and signature of divergence in the genome of grapevine clones of Southern Italy varieties. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Sexual reproduction and spontaneous somatic mutations have led to significant diversity in cultivated grapevine populations, showcasing the importance of natural selections, or "clones," for potential traits that improve grape quality and resilience.
  • This study examines the genetic diversity and structure of 138 grapevine clones from six varieties, utilizing SNP markers to analyze genetic similarities, especially among geographically related populations.
  • Findings highlight around two hundred divergent genetic loci linked to critical traits, emphasizing the need to preserve these traditional grapevines for future breeding and cultivation advancements.

Article Abstract

Sexual reproduction has contributed to a significant degree of variability in cultivated grapevine populations. However, the additional influence of spontaneous somatic mutations has played a pivotal role in shaping the diverse landscape of grapevine agrobiodiversity. These naturally occurring selections, termed 'clones,' represent a vast reservoir of potentially valuable traits and alleles that hold promise for enhancing grape quality and bolstering plant resilience against environmental and biotic challenges. Despite their potential, many of these clones remain largely untapped.In light of this context, this study aims to delve into the population structure, genetic diversity, and distinctive genetic loci within a collection of 138 clones derived from six Campanian and Apulian grapevine varieties, known for their desirable attributes in viticulture and winemaking. Employing two reduced representation sequencing methods, we extracted Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers. Population structure analysis and fixation index (FST) calculations were conducted both between populations and at individual loci. Notably, varieties originating from the same geographical region exhibited pronounced genetic similarity.The resulting SNP dataset facilitated the identification of approximately two hundred loci featuring divergent markers (FST ≥ 0.80) within annotated exons. Several of these loci exhibited associations with essential traits like phenotypic adaptability and environmental responsiveness, offering compelling opportunities for grapevine breeding initiatives. By shedding light on the genetic variability inherent in these treasured traditional grapevines, our study contributes to the broader understanding of their potential. Importantly, it underscores the urgency of preserving and characterizing these valuable genetic resources to safeguard their intra-varietal diversity and foster future advancements in grapevine cultivation.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10525710PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1201287DOI Listing

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