Moving source depth estimation in deep ocean direct arrival zone with a horizontal line array.

The received sound intensity of bottom-mounted line array varies as the submerged sound source moves in the direct arrival region, which resulting from interference between the direct and surface-reflected propagation paths, modulates with the target depth. In this work, the Fourier integral method from McCargar and Zurk [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 133, EL320-EL325 (2013)] has been improved for depth estimation with a horizontal line array, and the matched sound intensity structure method from Zheng, Yang, Ma, and Du [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 148, 347-358 (2020)] is introduced as a comparison. The two methods are verified in a deep ocean experiment.