AI Article Synopsis
- Non-canonical structures (NCS) are different forms of DNA that deviate from the classic B-conformation, and they play important roles in the genome's functions.
- The review highlights nine specific types of NCS found or expected in human ribosomal DNA, such as G-quadruplexes and i-motifs, along with their significance.
- Key topics include how these structures form, where they are located in the DNA, their behavior, and their potential positive or negative effects on cells.
Article Abstract
Non-canonical structures (NCS) refer to the various forms of DNA that differ from the B-conformation described by Watson and Crick. It has been found that these structures are usual components of the genome, actively participating in its essential functions. The present review is focused on the nine kinds of NCS appearing or likely to appear in human ribosomal DNA (rDNA): supercoiling structures, R-loops, G-quadruplexes, i-motifs, DNA triplexes, cruciform structures, DNA bubbles, and A and Z DNA conformations. We discuss the conditions of their generation, including their sequence specificity, distribution within the locus, dynamics, and beneficial and detrimental role in the cell.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00418-023-02233-1 | DOI Listing |
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