Bioactive compounds from Vellozia pyrantha A.A.Conc: A metabolomics and multivariate statistical analysis approach.

The chemical composition of V. pyrantha resin (VpR) and fractions (VpFr1-7 and VpWS) were assessed by LC-MS and NMR. Twenty-eight metabolites were identified, including 16 diterpenoids, seven nor-diterpenoids, one fatty acid, one bis-diterpenoid, one steroid, one flavonoid, and one triterpenoid. The pharmacological potential of VpR, VpFr1-7, and isolated compounds was assessed by determining their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities. VpFr4 (IC = 205.48 ± 3.37 μg.mL) had the highest antioxidant activity, whereas VpFr6 (IC = 842.79 ± 10.23 μg.mL) had the lowest. The resin was only active against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC 62.5 μg.mL) and Salmonella choleraesius (MIC and MFC 500 μg.mL), but fractions were enriched with antibacterial compounds. V. pyrantha resin and fractions showed great cytotoxic activity against HCT116 (IC = 20.08 μg.mL), HepG2 (IC = 20.50 μg.mL), and B16-F10 (12.17 μg.mL) cell lines. Multivariate statistical analysis was used as a powerful tool to pinpoint possible metabolites responsible for the observed activities.