The separator is an important component in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. However, the conventional polypropylene (PP) separators have the problem of easy shuttling of lithium polysulfide (LiPSs). Herein, ultrathin magnesium boride (MgB) nanosheets were prepared by ultrasonic-assisted exfoliation technology, and were suction-filtered onto a separator to serve as a separator modification layer. The introduction of a microporous structure into MgB nanosheets after ultrasonic peeling increases the specific surface area and pore volume, with more adsorption sites, which can fully utilize the surface adsorption/catalytic performance of MgB for LiPSs and accommodate the volume expansion of lithium sulfide (LiS). Therefore, MgB@PP as a separator significantly improves the sulfur utilization and cycle stability in Li-S batteries. When the MgB@PP separator is used, the reversible specific capacity of the assembled Li-S battery at 0.1 C (current rate) is 1184 mAh/g, and the specific capacity at 2 C is 732 mAh/g. After 500 cycles at 2 C, it remains at 497 mAh/g.
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