J Environ Manage
Water Systems and Global Change Group, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Published: November 2023
Two main targets of SDG 6 (Sustainable Development Goal), clean water and sanitation, are SDG 6.2, to achieve universal and equitable access to improved sanitation and to phase out unimproved sanitation (include pit latrines without a slab or platform, hanging latrines, bucket latrines and open defecation) and SDG 6.3, to halve the proportion of untreated wastewater by 2030. We compiled a global sanitation database for 200 countries. Starting from recent trends, we constructed a wide spectrum of contrasting future scenarios, i.e. the five Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSP1-5) whereby the SSP2 scenario is 'middle of the road' scenario. The sanitation scenarios differ due to contrasting pathways for population growth and urbanization, economic growth and the SSP narratives. Our results indicate that it will be difficult to achieve the SDG 6 target. Target 6.2 on improved sanitation is expected to be achieved between 2070 and 2090 in SSP1, SSP2 and SSP5, while the target will not be achieved by 2100 in SSP3 and SSP4. Unimproved sanitation is projected to be phased out by 2070 in SSP1 and SSP5, or beyond 2100 in SSP3 and SSP4. The percentage of households with sewerage connection will be between 51% in SSP3 and 75% in SSP5 in 2050, and respectively 60% and 95% in 2100. Target SDG 6.3 on improving wastewater treatment will be reached by 2030 only in SSP1, followed by SSP2 and SSP5 between 2040 and 2050, while in SSP3 and SSP4 this target is not reached by 2100. The developments in wastewater treatment, expressed as percentage nutrient removal, showed an increase from 14% in 2015 to 45% in 2050 and 80% in 2100 in SSP1. But in SSP3, the global percentage is expected to have hardly changed by 2050 and have declined to 12% by 2100 due to the population growth in Sub-Saharan Africa. There is a major contrast between countries and regions. In the period between 2000 and 2015, although globally the percentage of people with unimproved sanitation declined, in 7% of the 200 countries the number of people with unimproved sanitation increased. Also, wastewater treatment globally improved, but in 16 countries it deteriorated. This inequality is particularly important in SSP3 and SSP4 where the lack of improved sanitation will continue till 2100.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118921 | DOI Listing |
Br J Nutr
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Unité de Recherche en Santé des Populations (URESAP), CHU SO, Lomé, Togo.
Anaemia continues to be a major public health challenge in developing countries, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study estimated the proportion of anaemia cases that could be potentially prevented among children aged 6-59 months in Togo. Data from the 2017 national Malaria Indicator survey in Togo, the last one conducted to date, was used for this study.
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January 2025
Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Health Informatics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
United Nations is standing for Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6 sets the agenda to address worldwide inequality in accessing safe water and improved sanitation facilities for all by 2030. However, governments in Africa seem unable to address the issue water and of sanitation facilities, since there are problems like increasing costs of sustaining existing water sources and the requirement to deliver new facilities ahead of time. Hence, this study aimed to investigate unimproved water sources and sanitation facilities geographical variation in Ethiopia using EDHS 2019 datasets.
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Nutrition Section, UNICEF West and Central Africa Region, Dakar, Senegal.
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Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
December 2024
Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung-Pei Road, Zhongli, 320, Taiwan.
As an archipelagic tropical developing country, Indonesia is characterized by vast expanses of rural and isolated areas. This review aims to discuss water pollution and sanitation's existing condition, health, and environmental impacts, alongside its management and challenges in Indonesia. The systematic review approach was utilized to ensure transparency and replicability, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria.
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