Over the past few years, scientists have developed new ways to overcome the recycling issues of conventional thermosets with the introduction of associative covalent adaptable networks (i.e., vitrimers) in polymer materials. Even though various end-use vitrimers have already been reported, just a few of them have targeted high-performance industrial applications. Herein, we develop a promising high-performance epoxy vitrimer based on a commercially available resin widely used in aeronautics with the highest glass transition temperature () of 233 °C ever reported for a vitrimer. A complete study of its physicochemical properties and cure kinetics was conducted, enabling the construction of the first time-temperature-transformation (TTT) diagram reported in the literature. This diagram allows a full determination of the processing and curing parameters leading to the manufacturing of vitrimer samples by the resin-transfer molding (RTM) process. The reshapability and limits therefrom of this high- vitrimer were evaluated by three successful thermoforming cycles without degradation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.3c10007 | DOI Listing |
Polymers (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil.
Recently, the liquid composite molding technique (LCM) has been used for producing fiber-reinforced polymer composites, since it allows the molding of complex parts, presenting good surface finishing and control of the mechanical properties of the product at the end of the process. Studies in this area have been focused on resin transfer molding (RTM), specifically on the resin rectilinear infiltration through the porous preform inserted in the closed cavity neglecting the sorption effect of the polymeric fluid by the reinforcement. Thus, the objective of this work is to predict resin radial flow in porous media (fibrous preform), including the effect of resin sorption by fibers considering a one-dimensional approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall
November 2024
School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
Traditional supercapacitors are cumbersome and need separate enclosures, which add weight and reduce space efficiency. In contrast, structural supercapacitors combine energy storage with load-bearing materials, optimizing space and weight for automotive and aerospace applications. This study investigates the synthesis of SmVO-MoS and SmVO-MoS-CNT nanocomposites, focusing on optimizing CNT concentration in SmVO-MoS-CNT for high-performance supercapacitors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFScience
August 2024
Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA.
Wind energy is helping to decarbonize the electrical grid, but wind blades are not recyclable, and current end-of-life management strategies are not sustainable. To address the material recyclability challenges in sustainable energy infrastructure, we introduce scalable biomass-derivable polyester covalent adaptable networks and corresponding fiber-reinforced composites for recyclable wind blade fabrication. Through experimental and computational studies, including vacuum-assisted resin-transfer molding of a 9-meter wind blade prototype, we demonstrate drop-in technological readiness of this material with existing manufacture techniques, superior properties relative to incumbent materials, and practical end-of-life chemical recyclability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolymers (Basel)
July 2024
IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Centre for Materials and Processes, 59000 Lille, France.
This study evaluates multimodal imaging for characterizing microstructures in partially impregnated thermoplastic matrix composites made of woven glass fiber and polypropylene. The research quantifies the impregnation degree of fiber bundles within composite plates manufactured through a simplified compression resin transfer molding process. For comparison, a reference plate was produced using compression molding of film stacks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeliyon
July 2024
Technical Research Center, Hyundai-Steel, Dangjin-si, Chungnam, 31719, Republic of Korea.
As the landscape of mobility trends continues to evolve, concerted efforts have been made to incorporate Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) into automotive components. However, the substantial increase in cost relative to the achieved weight reduction has limited its widespread adoption. Consequently, research endeavors have focused on exploring alternative composite materials, adapting fibers such as glass fibers, natural fibers, and recycled fibers, to reduce the cost of composite components.
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