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Chemical Synthesis of Microtubule-Associated Protein Tau. | LitMetric

Chemical Synthesis of Microtubule-Associated Protein Tau.

J Am Chem Soc

Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.

Published: October 2023

AI Article Synopsis

  • The article discusses the significance of Tau protein deposits in neurodegenerative diseases called tauopathies, especially Alzheimer's disease, highlighting how Tau undergoes modifications that relate to disease symptoms.
  • It presents the first chemical synthesis of the longest isoform of Tau (2N4R), detailing the methods used to create its fragments via solid-phase peptide synthesis and specific chemical ligations.
  • This achievement provides a reliable way to produce this Tau isoform in large quantities, paving the way for further studies on its function in both healthy and diseased states, and potentially aiding research into tauopathies.

Article Abstract

Deposits of the microtubule-associated protein Tau (MAPT) serve as a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases known as tauopathies. Numerous studies have demonstrated that in diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Tau undergoes extensive remodeling. The attachment of post-translational modifications distributed throughout the entire sequence of the protein correlates with clinical presentation. A systematic examination of these protein alterations can shed light on their roles in both healthy and diseased states. However, the ability to access these modifications in the entire protein chain is limited as Tau can only be produced recombinantly or through semisynthesis. In this article, we describe the first chemical synthesis of the longest 2N4R isoform of Tau, consisting of 441 amino acids. The 2N4R Tau was divided into 3 major segments and a total of 11 fragments, all of which were prepared via solid-phase peptide synthesis. The successful chemical strategy has relied on the strategic use of two cysteine sites (C291 and C322) for the native chemical ligations (NCLs). This was combined with modern preparative protein chemistries, such as mercaptothreonine ligation (T205), diselenide-selenoester ligation (D358), and mutations of mercaptoamino acids into native residues via homogeneous radical desulfurization (A40, A77, A119, A157, A246, and A390). The successful completion of the synthesis has established a robust and scalable route to the native protein in multimilligram quantities and high purity. In broader terms, the presented strategy can be applied to the preparation of other shorter isoforms of Tau as well as to introduce all post-translational modifications that are characteristic of tauopathies such as AD.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10591764PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.3c07338DOI Listing

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