Neoantigen cancer vaccines harbor promise as next-generation immuno-oncology therapies, whereby cancer vaccines are tailored to the patient's tumor antigen and represent the future of personalized cancer therapy. While several biotech companies have ongoing development programs, little has been published about the true commercial potential of these innovative therapies and the challenges these products will face upon regulatory approval. In this paper, we provide an overview of neoantigen cancer vaccine development programs and discuss the commercial environment these therapies will face upon launch.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103773 | DOI Listing |
Nat Rev Urol
January 2025
Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Spatial transcriptomics has emerged as a powerful tool for discerning the heterogeneity of the tumour microenvironment across various cancers, including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Spatial transcriptomics-based studies conducted in clear-cell RCC (the only RCC subtype studied using this technique to date) have given insights into spatial interactions within this disease. These insights include the role of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitioning, revealing proximity-dependent interactions between tumour cells, fibroblasts, interleukin-2-expressing macrophages and hyalinized regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Biomed
January 2025
Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Cancer vaccines, crucial in the immunotherapeutic landscape, are bifurcated into preventive and therapeutic types, both integral to combating oncogenesis. Preventive cancer vaccines, like those against HPV and HBV, reduce the incidence of virus-associated cancers, while therapeutic cancer vaccines aim to activate dendritic cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes for durable anti-tumor immunity. Recent advancements in vaccine platforms, such as synthetic peptides, mRNA, DNA, cellular, and nano-vaccines, have enhanced antigen presentation and immune activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Cancer
January 2025
Department of Hematopoietic Biology and Malignancy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors can lead to 'exceptional', durable responses in a subset of persons. However, the molecular basis of exceptional response (ER) to immunotherapy in metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC) has not been well characterized. Here we analyzed pretherapy genomic and transcriptomic data in treatment-naive persons with mccRCC treated with standard-of-care immunotherapies: (1) combination of programmed cell death protein and ligand 1 (PD1/PDL1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 inhibitors (IO/IO) or (2) combination of PD1/PDL1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor inhibitors (IO/VEGF).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Cancer
January 2025
Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK.
Human tumors are diverse in their natural history and response to treatment, which in part results from genetic and transcriptomic heterogeneity. In clinical practice, single-site needle biopsies are used to sample this diversity, but cancer biomarkers may be confounded by spatiogenomic heterogeneity within individual tumors. Here we investigate clonally expressed genes as a solution to the sampling bias problem by analyzing multiregion whole-exome and RNA sequencing data for 450 tumor regions from 184 patients with lung adenocarcinoma in the TRACERx study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Cancer Res
January 2025
University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Background: Effective treatment for patients with metastatic cancer is limited, particularly for colorectal cancer patients with metastatic liver lesions (mCRC), where accessibility to numerous tumours is essential for favourable clinical outcomes. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) selectively replicate in cancer cells; however, direct targeting of inaccessible lesions is limited when using conventional intravenous or intratumoural administration routes.
Methods: We conducted a multi-centre, dose-escalation, phase I study of vaccinia virus, TG6002, via intrahepatic artery (IHA) delivery in combination with the oral pro-drug 5-fluorocytosine to fifteen mCRC patients.
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