AI Article Synopsis
- The study examines how maternal well-being during pregnancy and breastfeeding impacts the gut microbiome of infants, potentially affecting long-term health like obesity.
- Data were collected from healthy pregnant women participating in the MicrobeMom study, focusing on maternal health, breastfeeding practices, and infant stool samples analyzed for microbial diversity.
- Results showed that while maternal well-being did not directly influence infant microbiome diversity, exclusive breastfeeding at hospital discharge was linked to increased beta diversity in infants, and any breastfeeding after one month was associated with both alpha and beta diversity.
Article Abstract
Background: Microbial dysbiosis in infancy can influence long-term health outcomes such as childhood obesity. The aim of this study is to explore relationships among maternal well-being during pregnancy, breastfeeding, and the infant gut microbiome.
Methods: This is a secondary analysis of healthy pregnant women from the MicrobeMom study, a double-blind randomized control trial of maternal probiotic supplementation ( 702258) versus placebo antenatally and up to 3 months postpartum. Maternal well-being was assessed using the WHO-5 well-being index at 16 weeks' and 34 weeks' gestation. Breastfeeding practices were recorded at discharge from hospital and at 1 month postpartum. Infant stool samples were obtained at 1 month of age. Next generation shotgun sequencing determined infant microbial diversity. Independent sample -tests and Mann-Whitney tests informed adjusted regression analysis, which was adjusted for delivery mode, antibiotics during delivery, maternal age and body mass index (BMI), and probiotic vs. control study group.
Results: Women ( = 118) with at least one measure of well-being were on average 33 years (SD 3.93) of age and 25.09 kg/m (SD 3.28) BMI. Exclusive breastfeeding was initiated by 65% ( = 74). Any breastfeeding was continued by 69% ( = 81) after 1 month. In early and late pregnancy, 87% ( = 97/111) and 94% ( = 107/114) had high well-being scores. Well-being was not associated with infant microbial diversity at 1 month. In adjusted analysis, exclusive breastfeeding at discharge from hospital was associated with infant microbial beta diversity (PC2; 0.254, 95% CI 0.006, 0.038). At 1 month postpartum, any breastfeeding was associated with infant microbial alpha diversity (Shannon index; -0.241, 95% CI -0.498, -0.060) and observed species; (-0.325, 95% CI -0.307, -0.060), and infant microbial beta diversity (PC2; 0.319, 95% CI 0.013, 0.045). Exclusive breastfeeding at 1 month postpartum was associated with infant alpha diversity (Shannon index -0.364, 95% CI -0.573, -0.194; Simpson index 0.339, 95% CI 0.027, 0.091), and infant's number of observed microbial species (-0.271, 95% CI -0.172, -0.037).
Conclusion: Breastfeeding practices at 1 month postpartum were associated with lower microbial diversity and observed species in infants at 1 month postpartum, which is potentially beneficial to allow greater abundance of .
Clinical Trial Registration: ISRCTN53023014.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10502216 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1154114 | DOI Listing |
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