AI Article Synopsis
- Hyperprolactinemia is prevalent in infertile women, affecting 15%-20% of those with irregular menstrual cycles.
- The condition can cause infertility by suppressing the hormonal signals necessary for reproduction through the disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.
- Macroprolactinemia, characterized by a high presence of large prolactin molecules (macro-PRL), is seen in up to 46% of hyperprolactinemia cases and can lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatments.
Article Abstract
Hyperprolactinemia is common among infertile patients, with up to 15%-20% of women with oligomenorrhea having hyperprolactinemia. Suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis via inhibition of pulsatile gonadotropin releasing hormone because of hyperprolactinemia is a common endocrine etiology of infertility. There are 3 forms of human prolactin (PRL): monomeric PRL, dimeric PRL, and macro-PRL. Also known as big-big PRL, macro-PRL has a molecular weight >150 kDa and normally comprises 5%-10% of circulating PRL. When the predominant form of circulating PRL is macro-PRL, macroprolactinemia is diagnosed. Among patients with hyperprolactinemia, 10%-46% have macroprolactinemia. Patients with macroprolactinemia are at risk of unnecessary pituitary imaging and treatment with dopamine agonists if not correctly diagnosed. Given the high prevalence of macroprolactinemia among patients with elevated PRL levels and the different management of patients with macroprolactinemia vs true monomeric hyperprolactinemia, all patients with persistently elevated PRL levels should be screened for macro-PRL.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10504566 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.xfre.2023.05.005 | DOI Listing |
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Article Synopsis
- Hyperprolactinemia is prevalent in infertile women, affecting 15%-20% of those with irregular menstrual cycles.
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- Macroprolactinemia, characterized by a high presence of large prolactin molecules (macro-PRL), is seen in up to 46% of hyperprolactinemia cases and can lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatments.
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