The zinc dendrites and side reactions formed on the zinc anode have greatly hindered the development of aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs). Herein, we introduce tannic acid (TA) as an additive in the ZnSO (ZSO) electrolyte to enhance the reversible Zn plating/stripping behavior. TA molecules are found to adsorb onto the zinc surface, forming a passivation layer and replacing some of the HO molecules in the Zn solvation sheath to form the [Zn(HO)TA] complex; this process effectively prevents side reactions. Moreover, the lower desolvation energy barrier of the [Zn(HO)TA] structure facilitates uniform Zn metal deposition and enables a stable plating/stripping lifespan of 2500 h with low voltage hysteresis (53 mV at 0.5 mA cm) as compared to the ZSO electrolyte (167 h and 104 mV). Additionally, the incorporation of the MnO cathode in the TA + ZSO electrolyte shows improved cycling capacity retention, from 64% (ZSO) to 85% (TA + ZSO), after 250 cycles at 1 A g, demonstrating the effectiveness of the TA additive in enhancing the performance of ZIBs.
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