To find research misconduct in research that has been supported by federal funds, an institution must determine that the misconduct was committed intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly. "Intentional" and "knowing" are straightforward standards. Yet "reckless" often mystifies institutions, which struggle to assess whether a respondent's conduct should be deemed "reckless," or merely negligent. This difficulty is most pronounced when allegations are lodged against the author under whose supervision the primary research was conducted - most often, the senior and/or corresponding author of a published paper who may not have been directly involved in performing the experiments or preparing the data under scrutiny. In these situations, investigation committees and the institutional "deciding official" must assess whether the supervising scientist is guilty of research misconduct - based on the theory that their supervision of the research and development of the publication containing falsified, fabricated, or plagiarized information was reckless - even if that person did not perform the experiment or assemble the research records in question. This paper seeks to provide a framework for evaluating the circumstances in which past supervisory conduct should be deemed "reckless" and thus a basis on which a finding of research misconduct may be made.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08989621.2023.2256650 | DOI Listing |
J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent
October 2024
Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, D. Y. Patil University School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
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January 2025
ARGO, ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute, Deemed University, Karnal, India.
Sperm motility is the prime functional attribute for semen quality and fertility of the bull. However, the bull's age directly affects the semen quality, and the bull's fertility and productive life decline with age. Even though research on age has been conducted in the past, it is still unclear how old a bull should be maintained at artificial insemination centers.
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January 2025
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
This article presents the authors' design of an electronic stethoscope intended for use during online medical consultations for patient auscultation. The goal of the project was to design an instrument that is durable, user-friendly, and affordable. Existing electronic components were used to create the device and a traditional single-sided chest piece.
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December 2024
Department of Architectural and Construction Design, Faculty of Architecture, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Politechnika Wrocławska 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
This research presents a proposal for alkali-activated permeable concrete composites with the use of industrial by-products, including ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) and waste-foundry sand, as well as agro-desecrate product, i.e., sugarcane bagasse ash (SBA).
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January 2025
BioPorto A/S, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark.
: The current gold standards for diagnosing acute kidney injury (AKI) are an increase in serum creatinine and a decrease in urine output, which are inadequate for rapid diagnosis. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a 25-kDa protein produced and secreted by injured kidney tubule epithelial cells, and can serve as an early urinary biomarker for AKI. ProNephro AKI (NGAL) is an immunoassay for the quantitative determination of NGAL in urine (uNGAL) that recently received FDA clearance.
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