While biological sex affects the neurocirculatory adjustments to exercise, the effects of sex hormones on sympathetic action potential (AP) patterns and ensuing vascular transduction remain unknown. We tested the hypothesis that males, and females using oral contraceptive pills (OCPs), would demonstrate larger increases in sympathetic activation and sympathetic vascular transduction compared with naturally menstruating females during static handgrip exercise (SHG) and postexercise circulatory occlusion (PECO). Young males [ = 14, 25 (5) yr], females using OCPs [ = 16, 24 (6) yr], and naturally menstruating females [ = 18, 26 (4) yr] underwent assessments of multiunit muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA)/AP discharge patterns (microneurography) and femoral artery blood flow (ultrasound) during fatiguing SHG at 40% maximum voluntary contraction and 2-min PECO. Sympathetic vascular transduction was determined as the quotient of the change in leg vascular conductance (LVC) and MSNA/AP discharge. Males demonstrated greater increases in APs/burst [males: Δ7 (6) vs. midluteal: Δ2 (3), = 0.028] and total AP clusters [males: Δ5 (3) vs. midluteal: Δ2 (3), = 0.008] compared with naturally menstruating females only but not those using OCPs during exercise (APs/burst: = 0.171, total clusters: = 0.455). Sympathetic vascular transduction of MSNA burst amplitude, APs/burst, and total AP clusters was greater in males and females using OCPs compared with naturally menstruating females (range: = 0.004-0.044). In contrast, during PECO no group differences were observed in AP discharge (range: = 0.510-0.872), and AP discharge was not related to LVC during PECO (range: = 0.08-0.949). These data indicate that biological sex and OCP use impact the central generation of AP discharge, as well as the transduction of these neuronal messages into peripheral vasoconstriction during static exercise.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00147.2023 | DOI Listing |
J Cell Mol Med
January 2025
Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
Notably, the C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 12/C-X-C Chemokine Receptor Type 4 (CXCL12/CXCR4) signalling pathway's activation is markedly increased in a mouse model of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Nonetheless, the precise contribution of this pathway to AAA development remains to be elucidated. The AAA mouse model was induced by local incubation with elastase and oral administration of β-aminopropionitrile.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExp Neurol
January 2025
CERVO Brain Research Centre, Québec, Québec G1J 2G3, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec City G1V 0A6, Canada. Electronic address:
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion induced by permanent unilateral common carotid artery occlusion in mice was recently found to induce an age-dependent formation of insoluble cytoplasmic TDP-43 aggregates reminiscent of pathological changes found in human vascular dementia. In this model, the gradual deregulation of TDP-43 homeostasis in cortical neurons was associated with marked cognitive and motor deficits. To target the TDP-43-mediated toxicity in this model, we generated an adeno-associated virus vector encoding a single-chain antibody against TDP-43, called scFv-E6, designed for pan-neuronal transduction following intravenous administration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhongguo Zhen Jiu
January 2025
Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of TCM, Nanjing 210029, China; Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province.
Objective: To observe the effects of (transforming stasis and unblocking collaterals) moxibustion on learning-memory ability and hippocampal mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1 (Mst1)/nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65 pathway related to inflammatory response in rats with vascular dementia (VD).
Methods: A total of 60 male Wistar rats of SPF grade were randomly divided into a sham operation group (12 rats) and a modeling group (48 rats). VD model was established by the method of modified bilateral common carotid artery permanent ligation in the modeling group.
Metab Brain Dis
January 2025
Department of Geriatric Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.42 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, 250011, P.R. China.
Vascular dementia (VD) is a neurocognitive disorder resulting from cerebral vascular disorders, leading to the demise of neurons and cognitive deficits, posing significant health concerns globally. Derived from Ginkgo biloba leaves, EGb761 is a potent bioactive compound widely recognized for its benefits in treating cerebrovascular diseases. Previous studies have demonstrated that the administration of EGb761 to VD rats enhances the proliferation, differentiation, and migration of neurons, effectively alleviating cognitive dysfunction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Nutr
January 2025
College of Pharmacy, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
Background: Severe disruption of lipid metabolism in vivo is one of the central mechanisms in the development of atherosclerotic vascular injury (AVI). Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) plays a pivotal role in eliminating excess cholesterol, preventing lipid deposition in the aorta, and reducing plaque formation associated with AVI. Floralozone (FL) reduces endothelial cell injury in AVI rats by regulating sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) expression.
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